Percutaneous drainage, combined with albendazole therapy, is an effective and safe alternative to surgery for the treatment of uncomplicated hydatid cysts of the liver and requires a shorter hospital stay.
Background: Acute appendicitis with protean manifestations may simulate almost any other acute abdominal illness and in turn may be mimicked by a variety of conditions. Progression of symptoms and signs is usual in contrast to the fluctuating course of some other diseases that lead to heavy morbidity and mortality. Methods: A practical score for the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis was established by Alvarado in 1986 and was assessed in this study for its accuracy in pre-operative diagnosis. The usefulness of this scoring system in reducing the evaluated negative appendicectomy rate of acute appendicitis in 91 patients, diagnosed by clinical parameters only, over a period of 12 months is determined. Results: A total of 106 patients underwent Alvarado scoring in emergency surgical service at SK
Conclusions:The high scores in men and children were found to be an easy and satisfactory aid in the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis, but a high false-positive rate for acute appendicitis was found in women.
BackgroundDiaphragmatic rupture due to blunt or penetrating injury may be a missed diagnosis in an acute setting and can present with a delayed complication with significantly increased morbidity and mortality.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to better understand why diaphragmatic tears with delayed presentation and diagnosis are so often missed and why traumatic diaphragmatic tears are difficult to diagnose in emergency settings and how they present with grievous complications.Patients and MethodsEleven patients with diaphragmatic hernias with delayed presentation and delayed diagnosis were operated within the last five years. All patients presented with different complications like gut gangrene or respiratory distress.ResultsOut of eleven patients who were operated on for diaphragmatic hernia, three patients (27%) died. Three patients required colonic resection, one patient needed gastrectomy and one patient underwent esophagogastrectomy.ConclusionsA small diaphragmatic tear due to blunt trauma to the abdomen is difficult to diagnosis in acute settings due to ragged margins and possibly no herniated contents and usually present with a delayed complication. Therefore a careful examination of the entire traumatized area is the best approach in treating delayed presentation of traumatic diaphragmatic hernia prior to development of grievous complications.
Although, out of 26 choledochoplasties, we encountered only one (3.84%) stump stone in a maximum follow-up period of 59 months, further long-term follow-up studies are required to prove the efficacy of the procedure.
The prevalence, symptomatology, and outcome of Ascaris-induced liver abscess was studied prospectively in Kashmir, India, which is an endemic area of ascariasis, from December 1987 to December 1997. Of 510 patients with liver abscess admitted during this period, 74 had biliary ascariasis as the cause (14.51%). Of these 74 patients, 11 had intact ascaridae (live or dead) within the abscess. Six patients had a single abscess, and five had multiple abscesses. Seven patients had associated worms in the bile ducts. Ultrasonography was the main diagnostic procedure used. Ten patients were diagnosed based on clinical and ultrasound findings, and one was diagnosed during laparotomy. Most of the patients were young (age range 3-40 years) with a mean age of 17.20 years. Seven were females, and four were males. Ten patients underwent surgery; nine recovered completely, and one died postoperatively due to septicemia. Another patient died as well: a young child who presented late, was in refractory septic shock following suppurative cholangitis and liver abscess, and could not be taken for surgery. The mortality thus was 9.9%. Liver abscess following invasion of intrahepatic biliary radicles by ascaridae through the ampulla is an unusual complication of an otherwise common disease in Kashmir Valley, affecting children and young adults. The outcome depends on early diagnosis and surgical drainage of the abscess with extraction of worms from the ducts.
Subsequent to preoperative and perioperative indications the common bile duct was explored in 705 patients over a 12-year period, from January 1983 to December 1994. Consequent postoperative T-tube cholangiography revealed the presence of worms in 22 patients. Expulsion of the worms followed T-tube irrigation with 0.9% normal saline in 18 patients. Only one patient had to be reexplored to remove the ascaris. In two patients the worm was removed along with the T-tube, and in one patient the worm came out through the T-tube tract.
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