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The Aim of the Study:This study aims to determine the effect of individualized home-based exercise on the quality of life post-Intensive Care Unit (ICU) discharge.Subjects:Adult patients invasively mechanically ventilated for more than 48 h in medical ICU.Methodology:Thirty-five patients were enrolled prospectively in this study. They were interviewed to complete short form 36 (SF-36) version 2 questionnaire and were randomly allocated to control and experimental group by block randomization. The experimental group received individualized exercise information sheet and control group was asked to continue routine exercises done during their hospital stay. The experimental group also received a log book and weekly telephonic reminders. Patients were interviewed to complete the SF-36 through the telephone 4 weeks after hospital discharge.Results:Physical and mental components of the quality of life as measured by the SF-36 at the end of 4 weeks after hospital discharge showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) in the experimental group.Conclusion:A well-structured individualized exercise program improves the quality of life of critically ill patients after discharge.

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The success of an ocular prosthesis depends largely on the correct orientation of the iris disk. Various methods have been put forth to achieve this. This article emphasizes one such simplified method, wherein a customized scale has been used to orient the iris disk mediolaterally, superoinferiorly, and anteroposteriorly in an ocular prosthesis. A scleral wax pattern was fabricated. The customized scale was used to measure the dimension and orientation of the natural iris. These measurements were then transferred to the scleral wax pattern with the customized scale. An iris disk was fabricated using black crayon on the scleral wax pattern according to the measurements. The scleral wax pattern, including the iris disk, was then placed in the eye socket to verify its dimension and orientation. A prefabricated iris disk was modified according to the measured dimensions and transferred to the final scleral wax pattern. The transfer of these dimensions to the definitive prosthesis was achieved successfully, ultimately improving the patient's social and psychological well being.

BACKGROUND:To date there are contradictory results regarding the role of physical activity on birth weight. In addition, it is questioned whether exercise during second and third trimesters of pregnancy might affect gestational age and increase the risk of preterm delivery. Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a supervised exercise-program on birth weight, gestational age at delivery and Apgar-score.METHODS: Sedentary, nulliparous pregnant women (N = 105), mean age 30.7 ± 5.0 years, pre-pregnancy BMI 23.8 ± 5.3 were randomized to either an exercise group (EG, n = 52) or a control group (CG, n = 53). The exercise program consisted of supervised aerobic dance and strength training for 45 minutes, thrice per week for a minimum of 12 weeks, with an additional 30 minutes of self-imposed physical activity on the non-supervised weekdays.RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between groups in mean birth weight, low birth weight (< 2500 g) or macrosomia (≥ 4000 g). Per protocol analyses showed higher Apgar score (1 min) in the EG compared with the CG (p = 0.02). No difference was seen in length of gestation.CONCLUSION: Aerobic, yoga exercise was not associated with reduction in birth weight, preterm birth rate or neonatal well-being.

The paper seeks to address issues that arise during the drilling and fixation of bones in orthopedic, orthodontic and implant surgeries. Thermal necrosis is one of the widespread problems that occurs during bone/tooth drilling and which can lead to implant failures. The highest registered temperature during drilling is 86°C. However, when the temperature is increased beyond 47° C during the drilling process, it can often lead to osteonecrosis. The possibility of thermal necrosis can be minimized by controlling the drilling parameters. However, optimal parameter values identified by various researchers have not been complied so far, primarily because of the effects of multifactorial constraints. Overall, the drilling bore speed and the feed rate are found to be the most influential parameters in triggering thermal injuries in the course of time. The drilling speed is also more important to the feed rate. In addition, osteological location also increases the probability of necrosis by multiple means in terms of anatomy. A thermocouple is used to evaluate in vivo temperature conditions during the drilling process. However, given the uncertainty and the practical errors that occur during the experimental measurements, the finite-element analysis (FEA) is proposed in most studies. This paper explores the existing state of literature and summarizes various drilling methods Nayana Prabhu

Dental implants are the modern marvel and are widely accepted as a reconstructive treatment modality for tooth replacement. In recent times, there has been a marked progress in the clinical success rates of dental implants, but implant failures as a result of infections are continuing at an alarming rate of 8% per year, translating into 1 million failures worldwide. Perimucositis and peri-implantitis are the chief complications reported postimplant surgery that effects its short- and long-term success. Peri-implantitis is characterized by clinical and radiological bone loss around the implant accompanied with an inflammatory reaction of the peri-implant mucosa and is an irreversible condition, whereas perimucositis is a reversible inflammatory change. Implant surfaces provide an ideal substrate for bacterial adhesion forming a biofilm. Biofilm performs vast functions ranging from physical defensive barrier against phagocytic predation to working as a selective permeable barrier. This limits the diffusion of systemic antimicrobial agents that are capable of damaging the bacterial complexes. These rapidly growing bacteria give rise to a chronic infection which is difficult to eradicate by conventional antibiotic therapy. To inhibit peri-implant infections, various functional modifications in the implant surfaces have been suggested. The coatings on the titanium implant are incorporated with disinfectants, antibiotics as well as antimicrobial peptides AMPs. This paper is an attempt to review all the antibiotic coatings available for a titanium implant and discuss their prospective future to prevent peri-implant infections. How to cite this article Yarramaneni V, Aparna IN, Sachdeva A, Balakrishnan D, Prabhu N. Emerging Antibacterial Coated Dental Implants: A Preventive Measure for Peri-implantitis. World J Dent 2016;7(4):195-198.

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