Application of finite element analysis to evaluate optimal parameters for bone/tooth drilling to avoid thermal necrosis

Abstract

The paper seeks to address issues that arise during the drilling and fixation of bones in orthopedic, orthodontic and implant surgeries. Thermal necrosis is one of the widespread problems that occurs during bone/tooth drilling and which can lead to implant failures. The highest registered temperature during drilling is 86°C. However, when the temperature is increased beyond 47° C during the drilling process, it can often lead to osteonecrosis. The possibility of thermal necrosis can be minimized by controlling the drilling parameters. However, optimal parameter values identified by various researchers have not been complied so far, primarily because of the effects of multifactorial constraints. Overall, the drilling bore speed and the feed rate are found to be the most influential parameters in triggering thermal injuries in the course of time. The drilling speed is also more important to the feed rate. In addition, osteological location also increases the probability of necrosis by multiple means in terms of anatomy. A thermocouple is used to evaluate in vivo temperature conditions during the drilling process. However, given the uncertainty and the practical errors that occur during the experimental measurements, the finite-element analysis (FEA) is proposed in most studies. This paper explores the existing state of literature and summarizes various drilling methods Nayana Prabhu

An analytical and numerical approach to the determination of thermal necrosis in cortical bone drilling

“…In cortical bone drilling, regions where the temperature rises to 47 C and above were accepted as the necrosis threshold as in early studies. 34,43,44 The FEM mesh structure and the visualization stage of the necrosis zone are given in Figure 2. Temperatures of 47 C and above were visually represented by red tint in the temperature legend.…”

“…The temperature values and necrosis zones at a depth of 500 μ from the cutting surface were obtained by FEM analysis. In cortical bone drilling, regions where the temperature rises to 47°C and above were accepted as the necrosis threshold as in early studies 34,43,44 . The FEM mesh structure and the visualization stage of the necrosis zone are given in Figure 2.…”

An in-silico bone drilling protocol to control thrust forces using finite element analysis coupled with the constitutive models

“…The high temperature experienced by the local host bone during the process of drilling results in thermal osteonecrosis, which negatively impacting the stability of the implants and fixations. 2–5…”

“…1 The high temperature experienced by the local host bone during the process of drilling results in thermal osteonecrosis, which negatively impacting the stability of the implants and fixations. [2][3][4][5] Similar to drilling temperature, thrust force value also affects the success of the surgery. Because of the uncontrolled large thrust forces generated during bone drilling, formation of crack, fragmentation and increase in the healing time were observed.…”

Design and Fabrication of Patient-Specific Implant for Maxillofacial Surgery Using Additive Manufacturing

“…Several studies have been published recently regarding the FEA of dental implants, but the accuracy of the studies is still a question [22,23]. Several factors affect the results of the analysis as every implant has its function and every implant has different Boundary conditions [24]. And, checking of the accuracy of the results of the FEA is also a very tedious task.…”