Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases which occurs as a result of unknown reasons. This study was conducted at Baghdad Teaching Hospital/City of Medicine, where blood samples were taken from 60 Iraqi patients with RA (49 females and 11 males) and these patients were matched by age and sex with 20 healthy controls (16 females and 4 males). Patients with RA were diagnosed by a consultant rheumatologist according to ACR / EULAR criteria in 2010. In this study the patients were divided into four groups as follows; the first group consisted of 12 patients treated with methotrexate (MTX), the second group consisted of 10 patients treated with etanercept, the third group consisted of 18 patients treated with a combination of MTX, etanercept and prednisolone, the fourth group consisted of 20 patients treated with MTX and etanercept. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect CCL18/PARC antibodies, while a spectrophotometer (Humalyzer2000) was used for the measurement of alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Serum levels of CCL18 / PARC showed a significant increase in RA patients compared with healthy controls (p ≤ 0.001). The levels of CCL18/PARC showed a significant correlation with disease activity (CDAI), except in RA patients treated with etanercept. There was also no significant correlation between CCL18/PARC and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The results showed a significant increase in serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was recorded in RA patients (with treatment) as compared to healthy controls (p ≤ 0.001).
Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate changes in 25(OH) Vitamin D levels and some biochemical parameters in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients compared with healthy controls and assess the correlation of 25-hydroxy Vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and disease activity. Study the effects of anti-RA drugs on these biochemical parameters and also the role of supplements calcium and 25-OH Vitamin D in RA patients. Methods: This study conducted between 60 patients for RA and 20 healthy controls according to the American College of Rheumatology standards in 2010. In this study, 25-hydroxy Vitamin D was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and also some biochemical parameters were measured with a spectrophotometer (Humalyzer 2000). Results: Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, and albumin levels were significantly lower in RA patients compared with healthy controls. Serum alanine aminotransferase aspartate aminotransferase levels were significantly increased in RA patients compared with healthy controls. The correlation was non-significantly among 25-hydroxy Vitamin D and clinical disease activity index (CDAI), while the results showed significantly inverse correlation calcium and magnesium concentrations with CDAI. Conclusion: 25-OH Vitamin D, calcium, albumin, and magnesium deficiency appear to be widespread in patients with RA. Thus, biochemical changes in RA are reflected in the pathogenesis of RA. Furthermore, in these results, there is no relationship between Vitamin D and the disease activity, while there is a relationship between calcium and magnesium with disease activity.
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