The lingual foramina is a structure located at the lingual side of anterior mandible which houses the sublingual artery which in turn anastomoses with the Inferior alveolar vessels. This is a structure that has little information in terms of anatomy and its variations but it has a lot of significance when it comes to any invasive procedure in the anterior region of mandible. With the advent of Implantology, dentists have to be careful while placing implants in the region of or in proximity to the lingual foramen in order to avoid any unprecedented outcomes like haemorrhage. Cone Beam Computed Tomography is an indispensable tool at our disposal that is extensively used for treatment planning and to determine the prognosis of the disease. The anatomy and radiographic appearance should be known to the clinician for an impeccable diagnosis and treatment planning. In this paper, different appearances, variations in position and number are depicted through different sagittal and coronal section views of CBCT.
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic auto-inflammatory disease of the joints, belonging to the group of spondyloarthropathic disorders. The disease has a crippling effect on the axial skeleton and its progression to the later stages can have a debilitating effect on the patient. It has an under-diagnosed pathology and enigmatic pathophysiology. A strong genetic link has been found with the help of genome screening. Frequency of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) has varied from 4% to 35%. It is more common in men and produces generalised stiffness in involved joints. Clinician should be suspicious of AS when a patient reports with painful restricted movements of joint, neck or back and with no trauma history. Conventional radiographic methods have allowed the demonstration of TMJ abnormalities in patients with AS, but cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is necessary to establish joint space relations and bony morphology. We describe a case of severe AS with TMJ involvement in a 34-year-old male patient and demonstrated TMJ changes on CBCT.
Haemostasis is a mechanism that, through different interdependent biologic processes, has the purpose of ensuring the integrity and permeability of the circulatory system. Haemostasis term means prevention the loss of blood. Interventions or treatments in the oral cavity, in particular those with a possibility of bleeding, represent a risk for patients with disorders of haemostasis. Prevention is the key to avoid bleeding complications after oral surgical procedures and therefore it is essential a detailed medical history of the patient. This paper investigates the effects of wound dressing and local pharmacologic treatments on haemostasis.
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