The modern society has established high standards for the system of higher education responsible for the training of highly qualified, competitive specialists. The improvement of the educational process in a higher educational institution, the formation of students' vocational competence is possible through the realization of students' educational activity the important component of which is motivation. Such issues as levels of educational motivation, hierarchy and dynamics of educational motives in the course of mastering a profession peculiar to Russian working and nonworking full-time students seeking a bachelor's degree in the sphere of psychology and pedagogics have been studied in the article. There have been revealed systemic motives in the structure of educational motivation of working and nonworking students at each year of studies. There have been defined problem areas of students' educational activity, and there have been designated tendencies for further development of students' educational motivation. The following techniques have been applied as psycho diagnostic tools: "Definition of students' motivation for studies", "Diagnostics of students' educational motivation". New opportunities for psychological and pedagogical approaches to solve the issues of students' educational cognitive activity optimization, extra curricular activity within the frames of higher educational institution and outside have been revealed due to the of research of the structure and specificity of educational motivation of students seeking a bachelor's degree with their secondary employment in view.
The study of the propensity of young people to react aggressively (readiness for aggression) is relevant because it affects everyone and is the cause of many disasters, crimes, and the growth of aggressive behavior of young people, which are reflected in the statistics of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Scientists are trying to identify the reasons, factors contributing to the manifestation of aggressive forms of behavior among young people. However, no Russian research was found in which the influence of parenting practices (styles of education, methods of education) on the development of readiness for aggression among young people was studied in a comprehensive manner. The purpose of this research was to study the influence of family education practice on the development of readiness for aggression among young people. The experiment involved 237 people aged 18-24, who were randomly selected. Of these, 110 were girls and 127 were boys. All respondents were from complete families. The survey was carried out using the following methods: ‘The interpersonal behaviors inventory’, ‘Retrospective inventory of child rearing practices’, ‘Retrospective questionnaire of parenting styles’. The authors identified what forms of readiness for aggression are expressed among Russian youth, as well as gender characteristics. Emotional-Impulsive Readiness was found for girls and Habitual- Cognitive Readiness for boys. Mothers are perceived by young people as being more democratic while fathers, in the opinion of their children, used more often authoritarian and liberal (dismissive) parenting styles. The results of the study showed that mothers most often used positive and punitive parenting methods. College-educated fathers used positive parenting methods. The results obtained will be of interest for specialists working with families.
The paper investigated the changing system of values and value orientations of teachers belonging to different generations and cultures in the context of variability in globalization processes. The paper is aimed to identify cross-cultural features of social-professional values and value orientations of Russian and Belarusian teachers divided into three groups in compliance with their pedagogical experience and phases of professional development (from 0 to 5 years -a young teacher, from 6 to 20 years -a teacherprofessional, and in case of more than 20 years -a teacher -expert). The leading research methods are questionnaires, experiment and comparison. Student's t-test, concordance coefficient and correlation analyses were applied to conduct statistical processing of research results. The study recruited 118 Russian secondary school teachers in the Republic of Tatarstan and 160 teachers of Brest region in the Republic of Belarus.It has been revealed that the value sphere of Belarusian teachers throughout their professional development is less subject to change in comparison with Russian teachers. We found out that both in Russian and Belarusian samples, teachers with various teaching experience mostly implement spiritual and moral values. Russian and Belarusian teachers are focused on displaying their decency throughout their professional career. Health and Happy Family Life refer to key values of teachers in two cultures regardless of the length of their professional experience. The structure of value sphere in Russian and Belarusian teachers with different teaching experience has its own specificity.Obtained results enabled to determine promising areas of highly qualified teachers' training and retraining for work in modern multicultural educational systems.
The object of this paper is to study the negative impact of Internet sites on the psyche of young people, to identify the facts of unsafe use of the Internet by students leading to the development of cyber addiction and victim behavior. The article is aimed at studying the propensity for victim behavior among University students in Russia and Bulgaria and developing recommendations to shape the information security of students on the Internet in order to help reduce victim behavior. The methods of the research are: theoretical (study and analysis of psychological, pedagogical, and methodological literature on the research problem; analysis, synthesis, and generalization of empirical data; causal analysis of pedagogical experience data); empirical (questionnaire, testing, survey); methods of qualitative interpretation and data processing. The authors outlined three stages of creating a safe educational environment to prevent and correct victim behavior of students on the Internet -organizational, practical, and generalizing. The results of the research show that serious, systematic, substantial preventive and corrective work is needed to reduce student victimization, cyber addiction, and the formation of information security for students on the Internet. Teaching students to carefully perceive and critically evaluate information is one of the possible ways to create safe behavior on the Web, since ignorance of the rules of work and communication leads to rash, risky, frivolous actions on the Internet. The outlined in the research three stages of creating a safe educational environment can be used by university teachers, educational psychologists, psychologists of the rehabilitation centers and psychological and pedagogical assistance centers for prevention and correction victim behavior of students on the Internet. The data obtained and their analysis help identify students with an increased victimization background and predict their personal development, organization of prevention processes and correction of victim student behavior in the Internet. The results can be useful when developing programs for safe use of content and online sites by adolescents and youth.
New times put forward new tasks for teachers, psychologists, social workers. Prevention of student youth's victim behavior is determined by social and practical importance of society democratization and humanization; by the necessity to develop physically and spiritually healthy, actively creating and socially adapted personality, by the increased demand for victimologic prevention and correction.The article substantiates the essence and motives of student youth's victim behavior; it also reveals specific characteristics of student age: emotional immaturity, insufficient ability to control own behavior and other factors that increase the risk of becoming "a victim" due to adverse conditions of socialization.The research has resulted in defining pedagogical conditions aimed to prevent victim behavior: diagnostics to identify victim behavior among students; development and introduction of comprehensive prevention program "Life out of danger!". The conducted research allowed to draw a conclusion that the approved program due to included various forms and methods offers an effective way to prevent student youth's victim behavior.
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