This paper considers a possibility to obtain high-quality butt junctions of bimetallic sheets from steel clad with a layer of titanium, with the use of barrier layers. The task that was tackled related to preventing the formation of Ti-Fe intermetallic phases (IMPs) between the steel and titanium layer. The barrier layers (height ~0.5 mm) of vanadium and copper alloys were surfaced by arc techniques while minimizing the level of thermal influence on the base metal. To this end, plasma surfacing with a current-driving wire and pulsed MAG surfacing were used. The obtained samples were examined by methods of metallography, X-ray spectral microanalysis, durometric analysis. It has been established that when a layer of vanadium is plated on the surface of titanium, a defect-free structure of variable composition (53.87–65.67) wt % Ti with (33.93–45.54) wt % V is formed without IMPs. The subsequent surfacing of steel on a layer of vanadium leads to the formation of eutectics (hardness up to 5,523 MPa) in the fusion zone, as well as to the evolution of cracks. To prevent the formation of IMPs, a layer of bronze CuBe2 was deposited on the surface of vanadium. The formed layer contributed to the formation of a grid of hot cracks. In the titanium-vanadium-copper transition zones (0.1–0.2 mm wide), a fragile phase was observed. To eliminate this drawback, the bronze CuBe2 was replaced with bronze CuSi3Mn1; a defect-free junction was obtained. When using a barrier layer with CuSi3Mn1, a defect-free junction was obtained (10–30 % Ti; 18–50 % Fe; 5–25 % Cu). The study reported here makes it possible to recommend CuSi3Mn1 as a barrier layer for welding bimetallic sheets "steel-titanium". One of the applications of the research results could be welding of longitudinally welded pipes of main oil and gas pipelines formed from bimetallic sheets of steel clad with titanium.

This paper reports the experimental study carried out to establish the dependence of the thermal conductivity of polypropylene-based nanocomposites filled with carbon nanotubes on the main parameter of the temperature regime of their manufacturing ‒ the level of overheating a polymer melt relative to its melting point. The study has been conducted for nanocomposites that were manufactured by applying a method based on the mixing of components in the polymer melt applying a special disk extruder. During the composite manufacturing process, the level of melt overheating varied from 10 to 75 K, with the mass share of filler ranging from 0.3 to 10.0 %. It is shown that increasing the overheating of a polymer melt causes an increase in the thermal conductivity of the composites. However, when the overheating has reached a certain value, its further growth does not increase the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites. Based on the established pattern, the rational level of this overheating has been determined. That resolves the tasks of manufacturing highly heat-conducting nanocomposites and implementing appropriate energy-saving technology. Data have been acquired on the effects of the impact of the amount of polymer melt overheating on the values of the first and second percolation thresholds for the examined nanocomposites. It is established that the value of the first percolation threshold is more sensitive to the specified amount of overheating. The dependences of the density of the examined composites on the level of polymer melt overheating have been derived. The correlation between a given dependence and the nature of a corresponding change in the thermal conductivity of the composites has been established. Applying the proposed highly heat-conducting nanocomposites is promising for micro and nanoelectronics, energy, etc.

The application of the heat recovery- system with the combined use of the recycled heat of the municipal boiler plants is substantiated. The thermal characteristics of the system and the levels of increase in the efficiency of the boiler with a rational ratio of the areas of heat exchange surfaces of water- and air-heating equipment of this system for different regions of Ukraine are determined.

This paper reports a study into the regularities of interphase interaction, features in the formation of intermetallic phases (IMPs), and defects when surfacing steel on titanium in four ways: P-MAG, CMT, plasma surfacing by an indirect arc with conductive wire, and PAW. A general tendency has been established in the IMP occurrence when surfacing steel on titanium by all the considered methods. It was determined that the plasma surfacing technique involving an indirect arc with conductive wire is less critical as regards the IMP formation. That makes it possible to obtain an intermetallic layer of the minimum thickness (25...54 μm) in combination with the best quality in the formation of surfaced metal beads. Further minimization of the size of this layer is complicated by a critical decrease in the heat input into the metal, which gives rise to the capability of the surfaced metal to be collected in separate droplets. The formation of TiFe2, TiFe, and the α-Fe phase enriched with titanium in different percentage compositions has been observed in the transition zone of steel surfacing on titanium under different techniques and modes of surfacing. The study has shown the possibility of formation, in addition to the phases of TiFe2 and TiFe, the Ti2Fe phase at low heat input. The technique of plasma surfacing by an indirect arc with conductive wire minimizes the thermal effect on the base metal. When it is used at the border of the transition of the layer of steel surfaced on titanium, the phase composition and structure of the layers in some cases approach the composition and structure of the transition zone of the original bimetallic sheet "titanium-steel" manufactured by rolling. A layer up to 5 μm thick is formed from the β phase with an iron concentration of 44.65 % by weight and an intermetallic layer up to 0.2...0.4 μm thick, close in composition to the TiFe phase. The next step in minimizing the IMP formation might involve the introduction of a barrier layer between titanium and steel.

Встановлено закономірності структуроутворення під час кристалізації полімерних нанокомпозитів на основі поліетилену, наповненого вуглецевими нанотрубками. Виявлено ефекти впливу на ці закономірності таких факторів, як масова частка наповнювача, швидкість охолодження і метод отримання композитів. Розгляду підлягали нанокомпозити, отримані методом, що базується на змішуванні компонентів у сухому вигляді і в розплаві полімеру. Виконано зіставлення експериментальних екзотерм кристалізації для досліджуваних композитів за зазначених методів їх отримання. З використанням екзотерм кристалізації і рівняння нуклеації отримано дані про особливості структуроутворення на початковій стадії кристалізації композитів. Встановлено, що на цій стадії наявний площинний і об'ємний механізм структуроутворення за деякого переважання останнього. Виконано аналіз закономірностей структуроутворення на стадії кристалізації в об'ємі композитів у цілому в припущенні наявності двох механізмів кристалоутворення, перший з яких пов'язаний з кристалізацією на флуктуаціях густини полімеру, другий – із кристалізацією, в якій роль її центрів відіграють частинки наповнювача. Показано, що механізми кристалізації на частинках наповнювача істотно залежать від його масової частки і методу отримання композиційних матеріалів.

Purpose. Improving the environmental safety of chimneys of heating boiler plants with exhaustgas heatrecovery systems based on the use of the air method to prevent condensation in the exhaust ducts in combination with the method for drying the gases by heating them.Methodology. In conducting computational studies, the wellknown methods for thermal calculation of boiler plants and chimneys were used, as well as the results of our own experimental studies regarding heat transfer and hydrodynamics during deep cooling of the exhaustgases of boiler plants. The studies were carried out using single thermal methods in the heatrecovery schemes of boiler plants to prevent condensation in the exhaust ducts (drying flue gases and the air method) and a complex of these methods. At the same time, various options for heatrecovery systems and chimneys were considered in the presence of air heaters in boiler houses and in their absence.findings. The thermal and humidity characteristics of the exhaust gases at the mouth of the chimneys were studied at used dry and heated air to reduce the humidity of these gases with a wide temperature change. Under the conditions considered, the main parameters of the chimney anticorrosion protection systems were determined to prevent condensation in them under normative operating conditions of these chimneys. Based on the values of the obtained parameters, a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the considered methods for protecting gas exhaust paths for various heatrecovery plants was performed. It is shown that for heating boilers, the use of the air method is most effective in complexheat recovery systems, characterized by the use of recovered heat to heat the return heatnetwork water and combustion air originality. For the first time, the application of the air method to prevent condensation in the gas exhaust paths of boiler plants with complex heatrecovery systems has been investigated.Practical value. The use of the proposed complex of thermal methods will significantly increase the reliability of the chimneys of heating boiler units in municipal heatpower engineering.

A set of experimental studies has been carried out to establish the effect of the mixing time of components of nanocomposite materials on their thermal conductivity, specific heat, and density. The physical properties of polypropylene-carbon nanotube composites were to be studied. During the experiments, the duration of mixing of the components in the melt of the polymer varied from 5 to 52 minutes, the mass fraction of the filler ‒ in the range of 0.3...10 %, and nanocomposite temperature – from 290 K to 475 K. It was found that an increase in the mixing time of components of nanocomposite materials could lead to a significant (more than 70 times) increase in their thermal conductivity. It is also shown that the influence of the specified time is limited to its value equal to 27 minutes, above which the change in the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites can be neglected. It was found that the sensitivity of the thermal conductivity of nanocomposites to the time of mixing of their components decreases with a decrease in the mass fraction of the filler. Temperature dependences of the specific heat capacity of the studied composites were obtained by varying the mixing time of their components and the mass fraction of the filler. It was found that with an increase in the specified time, there is a decrease in the heat capacity of nanocomposites, which is significantly manifested only in the region of temperatures close to the melting point of the composite matrix. It is shown that the dependence of the density of nanocomposites on the mixing time of their components in qualitative terms is similar to the corresponding dependence for their thermal conductivity. The obtained data can be used to choose the mixing time of components of nanocomposite materials in the development of appropriate technology for their production

The efficiency studies result of blown air and cooled exhaust gases heaters of boiler plants, designed to prevent condensate formation in their air and gas exhaust ducts are presented. Gas-heating and water-heating heaters of different types were considered, designed for drying mixtures of: a) exhaust gases and b) blown air and recirculation gases. The ranking of the studied heaters by metal capacity and compactness of heat-exchange surfaces is performed.