Виконано розрахункові дослідження щодо відвернення конденсатоутворення в газовідвідних трактах котельних установок під час використання методів: часткового байпасування відхідних газів котла повз теплоутилізатор, підмішування до димових газів після теплоутилізатора нагрітого повітря, підсушування цих газів шляхом їхнього нагрівання у поверхневих теплообмінниках та методу теплоізоляції димових труб. Наведено принципові схеми котельних установок у разі застосування систем теплоутилізації відхідних газів з використанням вказаних методів захисту газовідвідних трактів. Показано ефективність методу байпасування у широкому практичному діапазоні зміни основних визначальних параметрів. Для повітряного методу виявлено закономірності зміни тепловологісного режиму в газовідвідному каналі котельні залежно від температури нагрітого підмішуваного повітря і його частки в загальній витраті димових газів. Встановлено залежності потрібних для запобігання конденсатоутворенню рівнів підігріву димових газів від режимних параметрів котлів і типу димової труби для методу підсушування відхідних газів. Наведено дані щодо ефективності застосування для металевої та залізобетонної без футерування димових труб комплексу теплових методів, зокрема, підсушування димових газів і зовнішньої теплоізоляції корпусу труби. За результатами порівняльного аналізу ефективності зазначених теплових методів відвернення конденсатоутворення визначено межі раціонального застосування кожного з них. Ключові слова: газоспоживальні котли; глибоке охолодження відхідних газів; запобігання конденсатоутворенню; димові труби різного типу.
The application of the heat recovery- system with the combined use of the recycled heat of the municipal boiler plants is substantiated. The thermal characteristics of the system and the levels of increase in the efficiency of the boiler with a rational ratio of the areas of heat exchange surfaces of water- and air-heating equipment of this system for different regions of Ukraine are determined.
The work is devoted to increase of thermal and ecological efficiency of water-heating gas-fired boilers of municipal heat-power engineering. To improve thermal efficiency, heat-recovery technologies are used in which deep cooling of the exhaust-gases from boilers with the realization of the condensation mode of the heat recovery equipment is ensured. To implement this regime throughout the heating period, it is advisable to use complex heat-recovery systems in which several heat transfer agents are heated with sufficiently different thermal potentials. To enhance the environmental effect when using complex systems, it is possible to carry out combustion air humidifying in them, which contributes to the reduction of NOx emissions to the environment by the boiler plants. The work suggests improvement of the known complex heat-recovery system for heating and humidifying the blown air by introducing into its comprise an additional element - water heater of chemical water-purification system. Such the technological solution will ensure a reduction in the thermal losses of the boiler plant and improve the operating conditions of the gas ducts of the boiler house by preventing the condensate from falling out of the wet exhaust-gases. The aim of the work is to investigate the operating parameters of the complex heat-recovery system for heating and humidifying the blown air and preheating the water for chemical water-purification and comparing its basic heatly and humidity characteristics with the corresponding complex system without preheating the water. The results of the investigations are presented in a wide operating range of the load variation of the water-heating boiler respectively the boiler plant temperature graph and are shown graphically. The analysis of the obtained data showed that due to the proposed modernization by preheating the water of the chemical water-purification system in the complex heat-recovery system for heating and humidifying the blown air, an increase of coefficient the use heat of fuel of boilers is provided, depending on their load from 11% to 17%. For this improved heat-recovery system with preheating the water of the chemical water-purification system in comparison with the system without such preheating, the total heating capacity of the complex system increases by 1.3÷1.6 times, and the coefficient the use heat of fuel of the boiler increases by 5.2%.
Purpose. Improving the environmental safety of chimneys of heating boiler plants with exhaustgas heatrecovery systems based on the use of the air method to prevent condensation in the exhaust ducts in combination with the method for drying the gases by heating them.Methodology. In conducting computational studies, the wellknown methods for thermal calculation of boiler plants and chimneys were used, as well as the results of our own experimental studies regarding heat transfer and hydrodynamics during deep cooling of the exhaustgases of boiler plants. The studies were carried out using single thermal methods in the heatrecovery schemes of boiler plants to prevent condensation in the exhaust ducts (drying flue gases and the air method) and a complex of these methods. At the same time, various options for heatrecovery systems and chimneys were considered in the presence of air heaters in boiler houses and in their absence.findings. The thermal and humidity characteristics of the exhaust gases at the mouth of the chimneys were studied at used dry and heated air to reduce the humidity of these gases with a wide temperature change. Under the conditions considered, the main parameters of the chimney anticorrosion protection systems were determined to prevent condensation in them under normative operating conditions of these chimneys. Based on the values of the obtained parameters, a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the considered methods for protecting gas exhaust paths for various heatrecovery plants was performed. It is shown that for heating boilers, the use of the air method is most effective in complexheat recovery systems, characterized by the use of recovered heat to heat the return heatnetwork water and combustion air originality. For the first time, the application of the air method to prevent condensation in the gas exhaust paths of boiler plants with complex heatrecovery systems has been investigated.Practical value. The use of the proposed complex of thermal methods will significantly increase the reliability of the chimneys of heating boiler units in municipal heatpower engineering.
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