The article presents the results of studies of 2019-2020, carried out in the soil and climatic conditions of Crimean Mountain-valley viticultural zone on table grape variety ‘Italia’. It was experimentally determined that five-fold foliar treatment of grape plantations with gel fertilizers has led to a significant increase in the average length of annual shoots by 15 cm (9.2%) and an increase in the green matter of bushes by 165.1 cm3 (9.1%). It was found that using of preparations of experimental system of mineral nutrition manufactured by Agrinos and Lima-Europe companies during two growing seasons of grape plants has led to an increase in the average bunch weight by 42.9 g (7.4%), shoot productivity by 8.1% and an increase in the cropping capacity by 1.8 t/ha (10.2%) in comparison with the control. Using of the studied mineral gel fertilizers against the background of increasing grape productivity did not affect the process of sugar accumulation and the level of titratable acids. The studies showed that two-year fertilizer utilization of the studied system of mineral nutrition contributed to a significant increase in organoleptic characteristics of table grapes.
The article presents the results of studies, carried out in 2018-2020 in soil and climatic conditions of viticultural zone of the South Coast of Crimea on wine grape variety ‘Cabernet-Sauvignon’. It was established that double application of national chelated micronutrient fertilizers Tiaton and Chelaton Extra for foliar dressing of grapes contributed to an increase in the average bunch weight by 9.3-15.3 g (10.3-16.9%), shoot productivity by 10.4-17.1% and cropping power by 0.6-1 t/ha (10-16.7%) in comparison with the control. It was experimentally determined that test treatments with Chelaton Extra preparation led to a significant increase in the average length of annual shoots by 13.3 cm (9.3%) and a gain in the green matter of bushes by 265.9 cm3 (12%). Using of the studied micronutrient fertilizers against the background of increased grape productivity positively influenced the process of sugar accumulation and ensured the value component at the control level. The studies have proven that double treatment with Chelaton Extra fertilizer contributed to an increase in the mass concentration of phenolic substances in wine by 10.7%.
For optimal conditions of grapevine development, a relatively uniform distribution of precipitation is needed during all phases of active plant growth. However, often there are dry periods in summer months in areas of unstable moistening. At the present time, in intensive technologies of grape cultivation, foliar treatments with agrochemicals are widely used to increase stress resistance of plants to moisture deficit with the goal to protect and increase cropping capacity and gain optimal conditions of viticultural products. Our research, carried out in the conditions of Crimea, have shown that using of the studied systems of mineral nutrition with micronutrient fertilizers of the Wuxal group in conditions of air and soil drought contributed to an increase in the average bunch weight by 17.4-51.9 g and an cropping capacity of grapes by 9.5-35, 3% (1-1.5 t / ha). It was experimentally proven that test treatments have led to a significant increase (by 4.7-15.5%) in the growth of green matter of bushes and in the structure index of table grape bunch by 19.1-37.8%. Against the background of using the studied systems of nutrition, an increase in the content of sugars and phenolic substances in the must of ‘Saperavi’ grape variety by 8.5% and 70.4%, respectively, was observed in comparison with the control.
This research paper presents the findings concerning the effectiveness of utilizing Pergado Zoks water dispersible granule (WDG) and Zorvec Encantia suspo-emulsion (SE) fungicides to protect grapevines against downy mildew. It shows that double or triple treatment of vines provides strong protection of the plants against the disease without adversely affecting vegetative growth of the crop. It has been proven that effective protection of vines against downy mildew through the use of Pergado Zoks WDGs and Zorvec Encantia SE has allowed for ensuring high crop-saving rate (up to 140%) as compared to control.
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