Influenza H1N1 merupakan suatu penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan dengan gejala umum yaitu demam, sakit kepala, batuk, dan nyeri tenggorokan. Influenza H1N1 memiliki beberapa strain yang diketahui pernah menginfeksi manusia, burung dan babi. Beberapa upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menanggulangi infeksi virus influenza H1N1 adalah pemberian vaksin dan pengobatan. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai kendali optimal berupa vaksinasi dan pengobatan yang diterapkan pada model penyebaran penyakit Influenza H1N1. Metode yang digunakan untuk menyelesaian permasalahan kendali optimal ini adalah Prinsip Minimum Pontryagin dilanjutkan dengan pencarian solusi numerik menggunakan metode Runge-Kutta Forward-Backward Sweep. Simulasi numerik dilakukan untuk mengetahui perbandingan penyebaran penyakit Influenza H1N1 sebelum dan sesudah diberikan upaya kendali optimal. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi ditunjukkan bahwa pemberian kendali optimal berupa vaksinasi pada individu yang rentan dan pengobatan pada individu yang terinfeksi tiga strain dapat menurunkan jumlah individu yang terinfeksi penyakit Influenza H1N1. Kata kunci : Influenza H1N1, Kontrol Optimal, Prinsip Minimum Pontryagin, Runge Kutta Forward-Backward Sweep.
Wabah COVID-19 yang menjadi perhatian dunia saat ini, muncul sejak akhir tahun 2019 di Wuhan, China. Virus ini menyebar dengan sangat cepat karena transmisinya secara langsung dari manusia ke manusia. Di Indonesia, pasien yang terinfeksi COVID-19 pertama kali ditemukan pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020. Transmisi dari COVID-19 ini dapat disimulasikan menggunakan model penyebaran penyakit Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR). Setelah diperoleh nilai estimasi parameter, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis sensitivitas untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh dari parameter-parameter terhadap populasi Infected. Setelah dilakukan analisis sensitivitas diketahui bahwa parameter peluang kontak sukses atau ๐ dan banyaknya kontak atau ๐ merupakan parameter yang paling berpengaruh, karena populasi Infected akan bertambah 27,3% jika ๐ atau ๐ naik 10%. Dari model SIR ini diperoleh grafik yang jauh dari grafik data asli penyebaran COVID-19 di Indonesia.
As a petroleum-producing country, Indonesia has a very important role in supplying national and international petroleum needs. The distribution of oil by sea raises the risk of spills and harms the marine environment, especially for marine life. Most oil spills in the marine environment can form a thin layer on the surface due to the movement of wind, waves, and currents. In this study, the oil spill movement model used the Shallow Water Equation (SWE) model and the equation for the movement of oil spills. The SWE model consists of the equation of mass and momentum derived from the law of conservation of mass which is derived into the equation of continuity and the law of conservation of momentum which is derived into the equation of conservation of momentum. In this model, ocean currents are affected by several disturbances in the form of wind gusts and friction with the bottom. The model is solved numerically through simulation using the finite volume method. Discretization is done by using a staggered grid approach, where the mass and momentum variables are discretized in different cells. From the simulation results, it appears that the movement of oil spills is influenced by wind direction and current. The simulation results also found that the speed of the movement of oil spills has increased in the early times, but then gradually.
Flooding occurred in several areas in Balikpapan is still a big issue. Floods that occurred in several places in Balikpapan were basically caused by the unavailability of trenches and places to drain rainwater. This causes rainwater going straight down the road and creating a puddle. One way to anticipate the occurrence of floods is to know the conditions that trigger floods, which are rainfall and air temperature. For this reason, it is a necessary to create a classification system for the level of rainfall and air temperature that affect flooding. The method that can be used for this problem is fuzzy logic, specifically the Tsukamoto method. Tsukamoto method of fuzzy logic is one of the most frequently used methods for prediction. Therefore, method can be used to identify floods. Input variables used in this study are rainfall and temperature, while the output variable is flood or not flood.
Renewable energy which is often referred to alternative energy is needed as an alternative or substitute for conventional energy. Biogas is a type of energy source that comes from living things (plants and animals). Biogas is the most energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. Biogas as alternative energy has considerable potential to help reduce the use of fossil energy. One way to determine the effect of each aspect is to model it in mathematical language. Mathematical models represent the production of biogas by considering the interactions between living populations in making alternative renewable energy alternatives. The model is constructed as a nonlinear autonomous system with three dependent variables. After forming a mathematical model, dynamical behavior such as investigate the equilibrium point, a local stability analysis process is then carried out on the model. The numerical simulation will represent an illustration analysis results of the constructed model. The simulation results show the same stability analysis.
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