Context:It has been proved that lip prints are analogous to thumb prints. A correlation between thumb prints and sagittal dental malocclusion has already been established. Soft tissue is gaining more importance in judgement of deformity or identity of a patient.Aim:To find a correlation between sagittal skeletal jaw relation and lip prints.Settings and Design:Descriptive, cross-sectional, comparative, single-blind, hospital-based study.Materials and Methods:A total of 90 patients were categorized into skeletal class I, class II, and class III, comprising 30 patients in each group with equal gender distribution. Dolphin imaging (10.5) software was used for analyzing sagittal jaw relation. Lip prints obtained from these 90 patients were analyzed.Statistical Analyses Used:Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient, Chi-square test, t-test, Spearman's co-efficient, analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results:It was observed that angle ANB (Angle formed between points nasion[N] to Subnasal[A] and nasion[N] to supramental [B]) and beta angle were statistically significant, revealing a strong negative correlation (-0.9060) with different classes of jaw relation. Significant difference was observed between genders in all the three classes. Significant difference was observed in relation to lip print and the quadrants of upper and lower lips. A statistical significance was noted on the right side of both upper and lower arches.Conclusion:This study shows that lip prints can be employed for sagittal jaw relation recognition. A further study on various ethnic backgrounds with a larger sample size in individual group is necessary for comparing lip prints and malocclusion.

Background:Cephalometrically the position of maxilla is usually assessed by point A, which is one of the most common cephalometric landmarks used for spatial analysis of maxilla, however in certain scenarios we require a alternative landmark.Aims:In this study a nearest alternative maxillary apical base landmark was identified for Point A substitutions given by different authors.Methods and Material:A cross sectional study was conducted on thirty (30) good quality lateral cephalograms. Only those lateral cephalograms were selected where Point A was easily identified. Landmarks: Sella (S), Nasion (N), Point A and three substitution points Y, L, X were traced. Angles formed by SN with Point A (Angle SNA) and three substitution points (Angle SNY, SNX, SNL) were measured. Correlation of angle SNA with angles SNY, SNX and SNL were derived. Statistical analysis usedResults:Mean and standard deviation for Angles SNA, SNY, SNL and SNX were calculated individually for males and females. ‘T’ Test was applied to determine statistical significance for all the parameters i.e Age, Angles SNA, SNY, SNL and SNX respectively. Karl Pearson correlation coefficient was carried out to determine the statistical significant correlation for Angle SNA with SNY, SNL and SNX. Results: A mean value of 82.8° ±1.9°, 83.1° ±1.8°, 78.3° ±2.9° and 78.7° ±2.7° for Angle's SNA, SNY, SNL and SNX respectively was observed. A statistically significant correlation was observed between angles SNA & SNY, SNL, SNX & strong positive correlation was observed with angle SNY. Conclusions: We conclude that Point Y is the most nearing maxillary apical base landmark to Point A. Hence maxillary apical base landmark can be substituted by Point Y where identification of point A is not obvious.

Numerical anomalies, either addition or deletion, are quite a common findings in human dentition. However, it is extremely rare to find both hypodontia and hyperdontia simultaneously in the same individual. This condition is referred as concomitant hypohyperdontia (CHH). Aetiology of this condition is still obscure. The prevalence of CHH has been reported to be between 0.002% and 3.1%. This case report highlights a rare occurrence of bimaxillary CHH represented by the absence of both mandibular central incisors and presence of two supernumerary teeth in the maxillary anterior segment. The rarity of such condition of mixed hypodontia as well as hyperdontia in single human dentition prompted the author to report the case.

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Introduction: Intercuspation of teeth depends on position of teeth and jaws. Bite mark is the resultant of the intercuspation of teeth produced by an individual. Aims and Objective: Comparative evaluation of bite marks in Angle's Class I, II, and III sagittal occlusion. Materials and Methods: Three groups as per Angle's classification-Class I, Class II, and Class III relation were taken. Each group comprised 30 samples each. The dental casts were scanned to create digital images. “IC Measure” software was used to determine the angular and linear measurements on scanned images of study model after calibration. Internal angles of odontometric triangle, intercanine width, shape of the arch, size, and shape of the individual teeth was recorded and subjected to the statistical analysis. Results: All incisors had rectangular and canine had triangular shape. Bilateral maxillary lateral incisors and mandibular left central incisor were significantly small in size for Class III. Square arch form was found more commonly in Class III and ovoid arch form in Class I and Class II occlusion. Intercanine width was insignificant among all occlusions. All the angles of the odontometric triangle in the maxillary and mandibular arches were significant for Class III. Conclusion: Class III occlusion individuals were distinct for shape of the arch and angles of maxillary and mandibular odontometric triangle. The quantified values of odontometric triangle can be utilized for the identification of Class III individuals.

Aim: To evaluate and correlate cervical vertebral bone age(CVBA) and Demirjian's stages of dental maturation for lower left permanent canine(CMS) and second molar (MMS). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional radiographic study was conducted on 264 participants with age group of 7-18 years who were further categorized into six subgroups having an interval of 2 years chronologic age. The CVBA, CMS, and MMS were assessed for the same patient. The assessment of CVBA of the participants involved in the study was derived from the equation given by Mito et al. The height and width of the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebra was measured with the help of IC measure software. The dental maturation was assessed as per the morphologic classification method given by Demirijian. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Tukey's multiple comparisons and Spearman's correlation coefficient was utilized to determine the significance and correlation between the age groups, CVBA, CMS, and MMS. The multiple comparison levels were set at 0.05 level of significance. Results: Significantly different CVBA was observed among each individual stage of CMS and MMS. Significant changes in the dimensions of the cervical vertebra were observed when the dental maturation stage progressed from F to G and G to H stage. Conclusion: Chronologic age had a moderate correlation with CVBA. CVBA was significant for all the stages of maturation of CMS and MMS.Females revealed a higher level of maturation. A significant difference in the vertebral bone age was observed in the transition of stage F to G and G to H of dental maturation of canine and molar. Both CMS and MMS revealed a significant strong positive correlation with CVBA. Clinical significance: Cervical vertebral bone age can be utilized as an adjunct in identifying the stages of dental maturation of lower left permanent canine and second molar.

Modification of the test carbonated beverage with calcium phosphate and fluoride may exert some protective potential, especially in high caries risk candidates.

BACKGROUND This study was conducted to determine angular changes of maxillary canine in en masse retraction of anterior teeth in a new modified power arm with a conventional intraoral anchorage unit compared to a mini-implant anchorage in the first premolar extraction case. We wanted to compare angular changes of maxillary canine between modified conventional anchorage with a power arm and titanium mini-implant anchorage in en masse retraction. METHODS A total of 15 participants requiring maxillary first premolar extraction was selected for this study. In each participant, the en mass retraction was carried out with miniimplants on one side & modified conventional anchorage with a power arm on the other side. The choice of mode of retraction on the right and the left side was done based on the coin flip method. Angular position of the maxillary canine was evaluated on orthopantomogram (OPG) & diagnostic cast. RESULTS A mean disto-palatal rotation observed post retraction was of 9° on the conventional anchorage side & 9.86° on the mini-implant anchorage side. A mean difference in maxillary canine angulations post retraction was 1.13° on the conventional anchorage side and 0.93° on the mini-implant side. An increase in angle suggested the tipping of canine teeth. The difference was very small which was not statistically & clinically significant. CONCLUSIONS There was no difference in the type of tooth movement during retraction by miniimplant and power arm suggesting minimal variation in teeth movement in the anterior region. So, the choice mainly depends on the type of the anchorage required in the given clinical situation. KEY WORDS Anchorage, Mini-Implant, Power Arm, Type of Tooth Movement