A strong nuclear expression of ERbeta correlates with EGFR mutations, and its favorable prognostic significance was influenced by the EGFR mutations in adenocarcinoma of the lung.

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We describe a rare case of leiomyoma of the chest wall in a 55-year-old female. Computed tomography showed a well-circumscribed neoplasm with a diameter of 2 cm in the right chest wall. The tumor was excised with video-assisted thoracic surgery. Histopathology confirmed that the tumor was leiomyoma arising from the microvascular smooth muscle in the chest wall. We present the immunohistochemical profiles of the tumor in detail, critically reviewing the previously reported cases.

Sclerosing mediastinitis is not a common condition in the thoracic cavity and is difficult to cure. Several medications have been used; however, most of the cases do not achieve satisfactory results, and the most successful treatment is operative resection. We report the first case of IgG4-related sclerosing mediastinitis that showed IgG4-positive plasma cells infiltrated into the fibrous tissue and a high serum IgG4 level. The patient clearly showed remission of the symptoms after steroid therapy. Our findings suggest that the serum IgG4 level is a good selection indicator for steroid therapy in sclerosing mediastinitis.

Serum KL-6 level is a prognostic factor for resected NSCLC patients, especially patients without ILD. There is a possibility that serum KL-6 level is a prognostic marker regardless of the presence of ILD.

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