Two experiments, each consisting of 2 trials, were conducted to investigate the effect of feeding benzoic acid (BA) and turmeric meal (TM) individually or in combination (Exp. 1) or garlic meal (GM) and TM individually or in combination (Exp. 2) on growth performance, digesta pH, gut morphology, and nutrient utilization in broiler chickens. Diets consisted of a nutrient-adequate control diet and the control diet with added BA (2 g/kg), TM (10 g/kg), BA (1 g/kg) plus TM (5 g/kg), and BA (2 g/kg) plus TM (10 g/kg) in Exp. 1. In Exp. 2, in addition to the same control diet as Exp. 1, the control diet with added GM (10 g/kg), TM (10 g/kg), GM plus TM at 5 g/kg each, and GM plus TM at 10 g/kg each were used. Each treatment had 6 replicate floor pens with 10 chickens per replicate. On d 14, 5 broiler chickens from each floor pen were transferred to metabolism cages and continued on their respective diets. Body weight and feed intake data were collected on d 0 and 21, excreta were collected from chickens in metabolism cages on d 19 and 20, and ileal digesta were collected on d 21. Digesta pH was measured at the crop, proventriculus, jejunum, and cecum. Jejunum sections were collected from chickens in Exp. 1 to study gut morphology. In Exp. 1, only the combination of BA and TM tended (P < 0.10) to improve weight gain but there were no effects on G:F. The combination of BA and TM at both inclusion rates decreased (P < 0.05) digesta pH in the crop, jenunum, and ceca. There were no treatment effects on ileal DM or total tract DM retention, but supplementation of BA or TM alone or in combination increased (P < 0.01) apparent ME (AME) and nitrogen-corrected AME (AMEn) relative to the control diet. In Exp. 2, TM alone or combined with GM improved (P < 0.05) weight gain and G:F compared to the control. Supplementation of TM alone or in combination with GM at the rate of 10 g/kg each reduced (P < 0.05) digesta pH in the crop, proventriculus, and ceca but had no effect at the jejunum. The combination of GM and TM improved (P < 0.01) ileal DE, AME, and AMEn. In conclusion, BA, TM, and GM individually or in combination with wheat-soybean meal based diets adequate in nutrients and energy selectively improved growth performance, modified digesta pH and intestinal growth, and increased the efficiency of dietary energy use.

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The present research was aimed to characterize the formula of self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) for lemongrass essential oil. The observation variables included: particle size, zeta potential, and morphology. Meanwhile, the materials consisted of the mixtures of oils (lemongrass essential oil and carrier oil), surfactants, and cosurfactants. Carrier oils were screened as candidates for SNEDDS, and the formula was evaluated for transmittance and emulsification time. The value of the formulation component was lemongrass essential oils, carrier oil (Virgin Coconut Oil), surfactant (Tween 80), and co-surfactant (PEG 400) = 8.34, 8.34, 71.43, and 16.67 % respectively. The formulation had a mean of the nanoemulsion droplet diameters of 20.7 nm with the polydispersity index (PI) 0.378 and potential zeta -73 mV. The transmission electron microscopy demonstrated spherical droplet morphology. This research produced SNEDDS of lemongrass essential oil with nanoparticle size that can be used as feed additive for poultry

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan tepung daun kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus) dalam pakan terhadap performan broiler. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 60 ekor ayam dengan lima perlakuan yaitu penambahan tepung daun kaliandra 0,0, 2,5, 5,0, 7,5 dan 10,0%. Setiap perlakuan terdiri dari tiga ulangan dan setiap ulangan terdiri dari 4 ekor ayam. Pakan perlakuan diberikan pada umur 8-35 hari. Pengambilan data konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi protein, konsumsi energi dan konversi pakan dilakukan setiap seminggu sekali selama 4 minggu. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis variansi pola searah dan jika ada perbedaan rerata perlakuan diuji dengan Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung daun kaliandra berpengaruh nyata (P<0,05) terhadap konsumsi pakan, pertambahan bobot badan, konsumsi protein, konsumsi energi dan konversi pakan. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan tepung daun kaliandra maksimal pada level 5,0% dalam pakan broiler.

Background: There has been great interest in the use of seaweed as a functional feed ingredient for poultry in the last decade. This study aimed to assess the effects of dietary seaweed inclusion on growth performance of broiler chickens by using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Methods: A systematic search of published research articles related to seaweed, broiler chickens, and growth performance was conducted using three online databases (Scopus, PubMed, and SciELO). Mean values, standard deviation, and sample size were extracted from each eligible study. The estimated effect size was then quantified using Hedges’ g with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Data were pooled using a fixed-effect model due to the absence of heterogeneity after being pre-checked using the I2 statistic. Results: A total of six studies (nine comparisons) involving 2,257 broiler chickens were accommodated in this study. The seaweed type consisted of seaweed blend, Laminaria japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, Hizikia fusiformis, and Ulva lactuca. The inclusion dose ranged from 2 to 30 g/kg, while the intervention duration ranged from 21 to 42 days. No substantial heterogeneity among studies (I2 = 0.00%) was found for feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Dietary seaweed had no significant effect on feed intake (Hedges’ g = 0.19; 95% CI = -0.22 to 0.60; P = 0.280). However, broiler chickens fed dietary seaweed had superior body weight gain (Hedges’ g = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.22 to 1.06; P = 0.000) and preferable feed conversion ratio (Hedges’ g = -0.53; 95% CI = -0.95 to -0.11; P = 0.004). Conclusions: The current investigation highlights that dietary seaweed had growth-promoting potency for broiler chickens. However, more research on this issue is still required to build more comprehensive evidence.