In the last few years, soil deterioration due to excessive application of synthetic agrochemical has become growing concern. Use of organic fertilizer is believed to be able to enhance soil quality. The objective of this experiment was to determine nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium uptakes by sweet corn as affected by local based liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) under closed agriculture system. The experiment was conducted in Closed Agriculture Production System (CAPS) Research Station in Air Duku Village, Bengkulu, Indonesia from March to June 2015, employing Randomized Completely Block Design with 2 factors. The first factor was 3 sweet corn genotypes, i.e. Talenta, Jambore, and Asian Honey and the second factor was 5 rates of LOF, i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg l-1 , respectively. Each treatment combination was replicated 3 times. Foliar application of LOF was carried out every week at 2-8 weeks after planting (WAP) with total volume of 600 ml per plant. Sweet corn leaves were sampled at the beginning of tassel emergence. The experiment revealed that sweet corn genotype significantly influenced the uptake of nitrogen, but not phosphorus and potassium. It was observed that Asian Honey genotype absorbed highest nitrogen as compared to other genotypes. In addition, increase in rates of LOF significantly raised nitrogen uptake by sweet corn, but not phosphorus and potassium.
In organic vegetable production, foliar fertilizer is often applied in conjunction with soil amended fertilizer to provide sufficient nutrients for the plant growth and development. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) was locally produced using Tithonia diversifolia to improve organically grown of carrot (Daucus carota L.). This experiment aimed to determine the effectiveness of tithonia-enriched LOF on organic carrot production was arranged in completely randomized block design with three replicates. Treatments comprised five levels (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm) of tithonia-enriched LOF concentrations, Results indicated that tithonia-enriched LOF did not significantly affect tuber length, tuber diameter, tuber fresh weight, shoot-tuber ratio, and number of tuber per plot. Future research should be focussed on the use of higher dosages of solid organic fertilizer and on application techniques of tithonia-enriched LOF.
Solid organic fertilizer is commonly applied for organic vegetable production in a closed agriculture production system as nutrient source. However, its availability is considered slow to sweet corn, and thus it is important to make additional nutrients supply as liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) through leaves. The experiments were conducted to compare effects of LOF application methods and to determine optimum LOF concentrations for sweet corn. Two separated factorial experiments, arranged in randomized complete block design with three replicates, were conducted from February to May and March to June 2015, respectively. The first factor was LOF application methods (soil and foliar) and the second factor was LOF concentration (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm). The observations focused on average weight of husked ear, length, weight and diameter un-husked ears. The results indicated that the effectiveness of soil application of LOF was 99.625 % as effective as foliar application in influencing sweet corn yields. Concentrations of LOF did not increase all observed variables, but yield attributes were within the range of variety description. It is concluded that in a closed production system, LOF application through soil is as effective as foliar application in affecting sweet corn yields.
Abstract-Solid organic fertilizing for organically sweet corn production should be combined with foliar application to improve fertilizing effectiveness. Each sweet corn variety had different response to particular liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). This experiment aimed to determine growth and yields of three sweet corn varieties to local-based LOF was conducted at CAPS research station (950 m above sea level) from March to June 2015, arranged in a factorial completely randomized block design with three replicates. The first factor was three sweet corn varieties, i.e. Talenta, Jambore and Asian Honey, and the second factor was five LOF concentrations, i.e. 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm, respectively. Results indicated that sweet corn varieties significantly affected plant height, plant leafarea, root fresh-weight, weight of husked ears, weight of unhusked ears, but did not affect diameter of unhusked ear and shoot freshweight. LOF concentrations did not affect all observed parameters. So did the interaction between varieties and LOF concentrations, except on shoot fresh-weight. Asian Honey variety had the highest plant height, plant leaf-area, roots fresh-weight, weight of hussked ears, and weight of unhusked ears. There were no different in plant diameter and shoot fresh weight among the tested varieties. Further research should be focused on the use of higher concentration of local-based LOF to provide effective complementary organic fertilizing in sweet corn production.
Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (Limbah B3) adalah sisa suatu usaha dan/atau kegiatan yang mengandung B3. Jenis limbah B3 rumah tangga walaupun jumlah atau konsentrasi yang kecil tetap mengandung bahan berbahaya beracun. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi jenis dan menghitung volume/berat limbah B3 rumah tangga, mengetahui pemahaman dan pengelolaan limbah B3 yang dimiliki masyarakat, mendeskripsikan hubungan antara pendapatan dan pendidikan dengan pengetahuan dan pengelolaan limbah B3 rumah tangga serta menentukan rekomendasi tentang pengelolaannya. Metode analisis data pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dengan menghitung volume dan jenis limbah B3 yang dihasilkan setiap rumah, pendataan sarana dan prasarana yang dimiliki oleh rumah tersebut dalam rangka pengelolaan limbah B3 dan melakukan survey dengan menggunakan questionnaire/deep. Hasil penelitian terhadap 69 responden selama 8 minggu, rata-rata rumah tangga setiap minggu menghasilkan limbah B3 cair 0,8 liter dan 0,4 kilogram limbah B3 padat. Limbah B3 cair berupa sisa produk pembersih, minyak goreng kotor, oli bekas, sedangkan limbah padat berupa kaleng kemasan insektisida, baterai, dan bohlam. Masyarakat telah memiliki tempat sampah di rumah, namun hanya sedikit yang memiliki tempat sampah terpisah, sebagian besar tidak mengetahui arti dan jenis limbah B3, masyarakat masih membuang semua jenis sampah secara tercampur. Tidak terdapat hubungan pendapatan dengan pengelolaan limbah B3 rumah tangga, namun terdapat hubungan pendapatan dengan timbulan limbah B3 rumah tangga di kelurahan Pasar Tais. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara latar belakang pendidikan dengan timbulan limbah B3 rumah tangga, namun terdapat hubungan tingkat pendidikan dengan pengetahuan dan pengelolaan limbah B3 rumah tangga di kelurahan Pasar Tais. Pemerintah harus menetapkan jenis-jenis limbah B3 yang bersumber dari limbah rumah tangga, memastikan pemberian label/tanda pada produk kebutuhan rumah tangga yang berpotensi menjadi limbah B3, dan mengedukasi masyarakat tentang potensi limbah B3 di sekitar mereka, serta pemerintah harus menyediakan sarana, prasarana serta pengelola limbah B3.Kata Kunci : limbah, b3, rumah tangga, pengelolaan.
Solid organic fertilization in organic farming practices should be supplemented with liquid organic fertilizer to accelerate the availability of plant nutrients. The study aimed to determine performance and major nutrient uptake by sweet corn following application of vermicompost supplemented with liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) and to find out combined vermicompost and liquid organic fertilizer for sweet corn production. The experiment was conducted at CAPS Research Station (1054 m above sea level) from April to June 2016, arranged in split plot design with 5 rates of vermicompost as the main plot and 5 rates of LOF as the subplot. Rates of vermicompost comprised 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 Mg ha-1 , while LOF rates consisted of control, 25, 50, 75, and 100% (initial concentration). Treatment combination was replicated 3 times. Root application of LOF was carried out every week at 2-8 weeks after planting (WAP) with total volume of 950 ml plant-1. Result pointed out that vermicompost pronouncedly raised nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) uptakes and linearly enhanced growth and yield of sweet corn, indicated by plant height, plant leaf area, shoot fresh and dry weight, weight of husked and unhusked ears, diameter of ear, and weight of husked ear per plot but length of ear. The addition of LOF had a similar effect on major nutrient uptake, growth, and yield of sweet corn. Vermicompost at the rate of 25 Mg ha-1 supplemented with 100% LOF provided greatest growth and yield, suggesting that the fertilizer combination was the most effective complementary organic fertilization for sweet corn production in the organic farming system.
The use of solid organic fertilizer in closed agricultural production system must be combined with foliar application to improve fertilizing effectiveness. Nutrient contents in tissues of green biomass determine the quality of liquid organic fertilizer. Six potential green biomasses, Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray, Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp., Leucaena leucocephala (Lamk.) de Wit, Ageratum conyzoides L., Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, and banana corms were identified its nutrient contents. Samples were dried at 60 o C for 48 hours, grinded, analyzed for N, P, K, Ca-ex, Mg-ex, C, cellulose and lignin contents. Results indicated that T. diversifolia and A. conyzoides had the highest N content compared to other biomasses. A. conyzoides had the highest P content, followed by T. diversifolia. A. conyzoides had the highest K content, followed by G. sepium. The highest Ca-ex content was in L. leucocephala, followed by A. conyzoides. The highest Mg-ex content was found in A. conyzoides, followed by L. leucocephala. The highest C content was found in E.crassipes, followed by G. Sepium. T. diversifolia had the highest cellulose content, followed by E.crassipes. Lignin content of all biomasses was similar. Lastly, E.crassipes had the highest C/N compared to other biomass, and both T. diversifolia and A. conyzoides had the lowest C/N. It is concluded that A. conyzoides is the most promising green biomass for production of liquid organic fertilizer, followed by T. diversifolia and G. sepium.
Open pit coal mining is common practice to extract coal from lithosphere. This system, however, will bring about soil degradation. Organic fertilization is an alternative to recover fertility of the degraded soil. The objectives of the experiment were to determine nitrate downward movement and change of selected chemical properties in the soil column and to compare the growth of lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) as affected by local based liquid organic fertilizer. Column experiment was conducted using mine spoiled soil from Taba Penanjung Sub-District, Central of Bengkulu District, Bengkulu, Indonesia located at approximately 364.5 m above sea level. The experimental design was Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments consisting of control, 75 and 150 ppm of local based liquid organic fertilizer (LOF). The treatment was replicated 3 times. Soil column was prepared using PVC pipe with diameter of 12.5 cm and length of 40 cm. Soil sample was put into the column and compacted by knocking the base of the column until the soil height achieved 35 cm. Lamtoro was raised in the column for 11 weeks. At the end of experiment, lamtoro shoot was cut and the PVC column was cleaved horizontally and soil was pushed out from the column. Soil sample was, then, sliced into 6 fractions, representing depth of 0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, and > 25 cm. Fresh soil sample from each depth was extracted by distillated water and analyzed for NO3- N. Remaining of soil samples was air-dried for 72 hours, grinded with 0.5 mm screen, and analyzed for available P, exchangeable K, soil pH and exchangeable Al. The experiment indicated that local based liquid fertilizer significantly increased soil NO3-N, available P, exchangeable K, soil pH and reduced exchangeable Al. Higher rates of LOF caused increase in selected soil chemical properties but exchangeable Al. However, NO3-N was potential to move downward to deeper depth of the soil profile. Change of exchangeable Al, soil pH and exchangeable K was observed until 20-25 m depth of soil profile, but change of available P was detected only to 10-15 cm depth. Better soil chemical properties were followed by enhancement of lamtoro growth.
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