Long duration and complex mission scenarios are characteristics of NASA's human exploration of Mars, and will provide unprecedented challenges. Systems reliability and safety will become increasingly demanding and management of uncertainty will be increasingly important. NASA's current pioneering strategy recognizes and relies upon assurance of crew and asset safety. In this regard, flexibility to develop and innovate in the emergence of new design environments and methodologies, encompassing modeling of complex systems, is essential to meet the challenges.
The emergence of model-based engineering, with Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) leading the way, is transforming design and analysis methodologies. [7] The recognized benefits to systems development include moving from document-centric information systems and documentcentric project communication to a model-centric environment in which control of design changes in the life cycles is facilitated. In addition, a "single source of truth" about the system, that is up-to-date in all respects of the design, becomes the authoritative source of data and information about the system. This promotes consistency and efficiency in regard to integration of the system elements as the design emerges and thereby may further optimize the design. Therefore Reliability Engineers (REs) supporting NASA missions must be integrated into model-based engineering to ensure the outputs of their analyses are relevant and value-needed to the design, development, and operational processes for failure risks assessment and communication.Effective model-based Reliability must be analyst/ modeler-agnostic while still efficiently producing complete, accurate, and more consistent Reliability Artifacts (e.g., Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality Analysis (FMECA), Limited Life Analysis (LLA), Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Maintainability/Availability Analysis and Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA)) than traditional methods to allow engineers greater time for analysis, risk assessment, system behavior investigation (simulation), and risk-based project decisionmaking support. However, to achieve this, a robust and unified modeling process that includes considerations from all disciplines must be developed, implemented, and tested.In order to include Reliability, a discipline of Mission Assurance, in the development of this unified modeling process, an agency-sponsored team at Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has completed the Reliability study of modeling and testing as part of the Model-Based Safety and Mission Assurance Initiative (MBSMAI). In this study, GSFC Reliability experts developed models of mission subsystems (EUROPA Propulsion, Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) Sounding Rocket Attitude Control System (ACS), & International Space Station (ISS) Evaporator) using a representative Commercial Off-The-Shelf tool, MADe (Maintenance Aware Design environment from PHM Technology-Siemens), and SysML/ MagicDraw (Systems Modeling Language (SysML) based tool from NoMagic) that was supported by Reliability plugins from Tietronix Software Inc. These models and their ability to support Reliability Analysis were then evaluated for accuracy, consistency, and efficiency to better connect and define MBSE/MBSMA modeling process best practices and modeling environment necessities that support traditional SMA analyses and milestone artifact generation so that failure risks can be assessed and communicated. Model-Based Engineering is found to be valid and useable forReliability Engineering for NASA Safety and Mission Assurance if adequate modeling processes and...
In 2014, in response to a large volume of feedback from industry, the science community, and internal to Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), GSFC's Safety and Mission Assurance (SMA) Directorate began a transition to a risk-based implementation of SMA, departing from its longstanding practice of being primarily driven by a mostly-static set of Mission Assurance Requirements. The transition started out with a pilot project involving risk-based acceptance of bare printed circuit boards that was enormously successful, continued through a complete organizational transformation in 2015, and culminated with the baselining of formal Risk-Based SMA policy in 2016. This paper highlights five major examples of successful implementation of Risk-Based SMA that have demonstrated not only substantial savings in project resources, but also the ability to achieve the lowest level of risk in developing and operating inherently risky systems.
Long duration and complex mission scenarios are characteristics of NASA's human exploration of Mars, and will provide unprecedented challenges. Systems reliability and safety will become increasingly demanding and management of uncertainty will be increasingly important. NASA's current pioneering strategy recognizes and relies upon assurance of crew and asset safety. In this regard, flexibility to develop and innovate in the emergence of new design environments and methodologies, encompassing modeling of complex systems, is essential to meet the challenges.
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