Since the establishment of the Eurocode design provisions for structural stainless steel, a considerable amount of both statistical material data and experimental results on structural elements has been generated. In light of this, the current partial resistance factors recommended in EN 1993-1-4 for the design of stainless steel elements are re-evaluated. Annex D, and utilising the derived statistical material parameters, revealed that the current recommended partial resistance factors in EN 1993-1-4 (γ M0 = γ M1 = 1.1 and γ M2 = 1.25) cannot generally be reduced, and in some cases, modified design resistance equations are required, if the current safety factors are to be maintained.
Despite significant progress in recent years in the development of room temperature design guidance for stainless steel structures, fire resistant design has received relatively little attention. This paper reports on studies carried out to investigate the performance of unprotected stainless steel beams and columns in fire. Material tests were carried out on five grades of stainless steel to determine strength and stiffness retention factors at elevated temperatures; both strength and stiffness retention were shown to be superior to that of carbon steel beyond 600 • C. The temperature development characteristics of a range of stainless steel sections were investigated, and compared to those of carbon steel sections. Full scale fire tests were conducted on six stainless steel columns, and four stainless steel beams. Finite element modelling of the tests was carried out, and parametric studies were performed to supplement the test data. All tests were carried out as part of the European project 'Development of the use of stainless steel in construction'. Design recommendations for stainless steel columns and stainless steel beams supporting a concrete slab, based on the ECCS model code for fire engineering, were validated against the test and finite element results. These recommendations have been incorporated into the Euro Inox/SCI Design Manual for Structural Stainless Steel, and implemented in Eurocode 3: Part 1.2, with minor adjustments for consistency with carbon steel.
Efficient use of material is an important factor in achieving economical and sustainable structures. Typically, annealed austenitic stainless steel has a material strength of around 220 N/mm 2 , somewhat lower than that of common structural carbon steel grades. This lower strength, coupled with the higher material cost, puts stainless steel at a significant disadvantage when considering material selection, despite its other desirable properties.However, the strength of stainless steel may, at relatively low expense, be considerably enhanced through modification of the chemical composition and through the process of cold-working due to the strain hardening nature of the material. This strength enhancement has not generally been utilised in practice due to a lack of knowledge of the structural behaviour of this high strength material. Given the high material cost of stainless steel, the need to optimise the efficiency of design methods and to develop the performance, availability and diversity of the current product range is clear. To this end, this paper describes tests, numerical modelling and the development of design guidance for high strength stainless steel members in a range of structural configurations. Material tensile tests, member tests in compression and member tests in bending have been Gardner, L., Talja, A. and Baddoo, N. R. (2006). Structural design of high strength austenitic stainless steel. Thin-Walled Structures. 44(5), 517-528.2
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