The overexpression of SOCS2 can decrease the expression of inflammatory cytokines and fibrosis related proteins in DN rats and cells, and meanwhile suppress the activation of JAK/STAT signaling pathway mediated by DN.

Background Epilepsy affects over 70 million people worldwide; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have essential functions in epilepsy. miRNA-9, a brain-specific/enriched miRNA, plays a role in various nervous system diseases and tumors, but whether miRNA-9 is involved in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential role of miR-9-5p in seizures and its effect on the survival of glioma patients, in order to provide new targets for the treatment of epilepsy and glioma. Methods The YM500v2 database was used to validate the expression of hsa-miR-9-5p in tissues. Moreover, qRT-PCR was performed to investigate the expression of miR-9-5p in temporal lobe epilepsy patients and rats with lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures. Recombinant adeno-associated virus containing miR-9-5p was constructed to overexpress miR-9-5p in vivo. The effects of miR-9-5p on the behavior and electroencephalographic activities of the lithium-pilocarpine rat model of epilepsy were tested. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the targets of miR-9-5p and explore its potential role in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy. Results The expression of miR-9-5p increased at 6 h and 7 days after lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats. Overexpression of miR-9-5p significantly shortened the latency of seizures and increased seizure intensity at 10 min and 20 min after administration of pilocarpine (P < 0.05). Predicted targets of miR-9-5p were abundant and enriched in the brain, and affected various pathways related to epilepsy and tumor. Survival analysis revealed that overexpression of miR-9-5p significantly improved the survival of patients from with low-grade gliomas and glioblastomas. The involvement of miR-9-5p in the glioma-associated epileptic seizures and the improvement of glioma survival may be related to multiple pathways, including the Rho GTPases and hub genes included SH3PXD2B, ARF6, and ANK2. Conclusions miR-9-5p may play a key role in promoting epileptic seizures and improving glioma survival, probably through multiple pathways, including GTPases of the Rho family and hub genes including SH3PXD2B, ARF6 and ANK2. Understanding the roles of miR-9-5p in epilepsy and glioma and the underlying mechanisms may provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with epilepsy and glioma.

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Introduction In recent years, as one of the drugs for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), the clinical application of tenecteplase is still controversial. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of tenecteplase versus alteplase to guide clinical practice. Methods A search of PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases until February 15, 2023 was conducted to identify eligible articles. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 17 were used to perform the meta-analysis and detect publication bias, and risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were reported for each outcome measure. Results A total of 1326 records were retrieved in this meta-analysis. As a result of the limited reports on tenecteplase in patients with AIS and the lack of high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and considering the impact of publication bias, we did not include any of these studies published before 2015. Ultimately we included 16 RCTs with a total of 7508 patients, including 3940 patients treated with alteplase and 3568 patients treated with tenecteplase. Tenecteplase was associated with better early neurological improvement (RR 0.10; 95% CI 0.00–0.19; P = 0.04), recanalization of blood vessels (RR 0.24; 95% CI 0.07–0.40; P = 0.01), and 90-day excellent neurological recovery (RR 0.12; 95% CI 0.01–0.24; P = 0.04). In addition, there were no significant differences in other efficacy and safety outcomes between the two groups. The funnel plot and Begg’s as well as Egger’s tests showed no significant publication bias. Conclusions This meta-analysis showed that tenecteplase was not inferior to alteplase in early thrombolytic therapy in patients with AIS, and was even better than alteplase on some efficacy outcomes with no significant differences in safety. However, as a result of some inherent limitations of this study, more high-quality prospective clinical studies are needed to confirm these results.