Os achados reforçam a necessidade da avaliação do medo de cair entre os idosos que residem no próprio domicílio, assim como o desenvolvimento e a utilização de estratégias pelos profissionais voltadas para os fatores modificáveis,de modo a reduzir as quedas e melhorar o estado de saúde, o que pode contribuir para a diminuição do medo de cair entre os idosos.

This is an integrative literature review that aims to identfy evidences on the factors causing overload and their consequences for family caregivers of adults or the elderly. The review covered 27 studies at databases, using the keywords caregivers, family, and overload in the period from 1999 to 2009. Four categories came up: the imposition of being a caregiver, taking care alone, the dependence of the person that receives care, and the bio-psychosocial weariness of the caregiver. The results showed that the imposition of the role of caregiver, lack of support from other family members, level of dependency of the patient related to the pathology, and physical and psychological weariness are the main factors causing overload in family caregivers. The need for more support and availability by health professionals to family caregivers in their home activities is evident.

The aim of this study was to characterize dependent elderly people and their main family caregivers and the association between functional capacity of the elderly and the burden of caregivers. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 112 elderly people and caregivers connected to a primary care service in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The applied instruments related to care and socioeconomic variables were Physical and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (PADL and IADL) and the Burden Interview. The Spearman correlation coefficient was also used. Average age of the elderly individuals in this study was 81.41 years, while the average score for PADL was 10.36 and 6.25 for IADL. Of the 112 elderly individuals, 71.4% had severe dependence. Among caregivers, 75% were women, 61.6% were the sons or daughters with an average age of 57.98 and an average burden of 29.53, which is equivalent to moderate burden. Results revealed a significant correlation between functional capacity of the elderly and caregiver burden. It was verified that the higher the dependence of elderly people, the greater the burden of caregivers.

Objective:to reveal the felt and normative needs of primary family caregivers when providing instrumental support to older adults enrolled in a Home Care Program in a Primary Health Service in the South of Brazil. Methods:using Bradshaw's taxonomy of needs to explore the caregiver's felt needs (stated needs) and normative needs (defined by professionals), a mixed exploratory study was conducted in three steps: Descriptive quantitative phase with 39 older adults and their caregiver, using a data sheet based on patient records; Qualitative exploratory phase that included 21 caregiver interviews, analyzed by content analysis; Systematic observation, using an observation guide with 16 caregivers, analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results:the felt needs were related to information about instrumental support activities and subjective aspects of care. Caregivers presented more normative needs related to medications care. Conclusion:understanding caregivers' needs allows nurses to plan interventions based on their particularities.

Background: Family caregivers of aged stroke survivors face challenging difficulties such as the lack of support and the knowledge and skills to practice home care. These aspects negatively influence the caregivers' burden and quality of life, the use of health services, and hospital readmissions of the stroke survivor. The aim of this research is to describe an educational intervention focused on family caregivers of stroke survivors for the development of home care in the south of Brazil.

Objetivo: apresentar as estratégias utilizadas por docentes dos cursos de graduação de Enfermagem do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Catarina e os desafios frente ao ensino remoto durante a pandemia. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência desenvolvido por docentes do curso de Enfermagem de universidades públicas e privadas sobre as estratégias utilizadas para o ensino remoto em virtude da necessidade de distanciamento social frente à pandemia de coronavírus. Resultados: os docentes tiveram que se adaptar ao uso de novas tecnologias digitais, em um curto período de tempo, para proporcionar um ensino remoto que fosse significativo e contribuísse com a formação dos estudantes. Dentre os principais desafios para o ensino remoto está a dificuldade de acesso à internet pelos discentes, o que pode ocasionar na evasão e interferir na aprendizagem. Estratégias como o uso de tecnologias interativas mostraram-se como facilitadoras no ensino remoto. Conclusão: o desafio do docente no processo de ensino remoto está pautado na dificuldade do uso de novas tecnologias e no modo como deixar as aulas mais motivacionais, atrativas e significativas aos discentes.Descritores: Educação superior; Educação em enfermagem; Docentes de enfermagem; Prática do docente de enfermagem; Infecções por coronavírus. STRATEGIES AND CHALLENGES OF REMOTE TEACHING IN NURSINGObjective: Report strategies used by professors of undergraduate nursing courses in Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina and the and the challenges facing remote education during the pandemic by the new coronavirus. Methods: Experience report developed by professors of undergraduate nursing courses on the strategies used for remote education in virtue of social distance from the new coronavirus pandemic. Results: In a short period it was necessary to adapt teaching through the use of new digital technologies, in order to provide meaningful moments that contribute to the training of students. Among the main challenges is the difficulty of students accessing the internet what can cause evasion and interfere with learning. Strategies such as the use of interactive technologies were shown to facilitate remote teaching. Conclusion: The challenge of the teacher in the remote teaching process is based on the difficulty of using new technologies and on how to make classes more motivational, attractive and meaningful.Keywords: Education higher; Education nursing; Faculty nursing; Nursing faculty practice; Coronavirus infections. ESTRATEGIAS DE ENSEÑANZA A DISTANCIA Y RETOS EN ENFERMERÍAObjetivo: Informar las estrategias utilizadas por los profesores de cursos de enfermería en Rio Grande do Sul y Santa Catarina, y los desafíos que enfrenta la educación remota durante la pandemia por el nuevo coronavirus. Métodos: Relato de experiencia desarrollado por profesores de cursos de enfermería de pregrado, sobre las estrategias utilizadas para la enseñanza a distancia, debido al distanciamiento social de la pandemia del nuevo coronavirus. Resultados: En un corto periodo de tiempo fue necesario adaptar la enseñanza mediante el uso de las nuevas tecnologías digitales, con el fin de proporcionar momentos significativos que contribuyeron a la formación de los estudiantes. Entre los principales desafíos está la dificultad de acceso a Internet por parte de los estudiantes, lo que puede conducir a la evasión e interferir con el aprendizaje. Estrategias como el uso de tecnologías interactivas han demostrado ser facilitadoras de la enseñanza a distancia. Conclusión: El desafío de los profesores en el proceso de enseñanza remota se basa en la dificultad de utilizar las nuevas tecnologías y cómo hacer que las clases sean más motivacionales, atractivas y significativas.Descriptores: Educación superior; Educación en enfermería; Docentes de enfermeira; Práctica del docente de enfermeira; Infecciones por coronavirus.

Objective: To analyze the association between filial responsibility and the overload of the children when caring for their older parents. Method: Cross-sectional study with 100 caregiver children of older adults. Filial liability was assessed by the attitudes of the responsible child (scale of expectation and filial duty) and by care behaviors (assistance in activities of daily living, emotional and financial support, and keeping company). The overload was assessed by the Caregiver Burden Inventory. To assess the associations, the correlation coefficients of Pearson and Spearman, Kruskal-Wallis Test, and Mann-Whitney were employed. Variables that presented p-value<0.20 in the bivariate analysis were inserted in a multivariate linear regression model. Results: The factors associated with overload were: formal employment (p=0.002), feelings regarding family life (p<0.001), financial support (p=0.027), and assistance with Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) (p<0.001). Conclusion: Children who were more involved with the ADLs and provided financial support showed higher levels of overload.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of home-care nursing intervention on the burden of family caregivers for older adults surviving a stroke. A randomised clinical trial blinded for outcome evaluation. Forty-eight family caregivers of older adults surviving a stroke took part in the study. The intervention group (IG) received three home visits by nurses in 1 month after hospital discharge for guidance on the disease and care activities for the elderly people. The control group (CG) relied on the service network that had access. The Caregiver Burden Scale was applied to assess the burden outcome 1 week, 60 days and 1 year after hospital discharge. The caregivers of the intervention and CGs had no difference regarding baseline data. There was an interaction effect between the CG and the IG in the isolation domain (p = 0.037) and in the emotional involvement domain (p = 0.003) over time. These findings provide support for strengthening a care line for the elderly people after a stroke, with adequate discharge planning, indicating the importance of integrating care network services such as primary care, home care and hospital care with a view to achieving an effective care transition. It is also necessary to construct a specific instrument to evaluate other outcomes, such as the knowledge and learning of caregivers in relation to the care activities taught. This study is registered in the Clinical Trials with name Nursing Home Care Intervention Post Stroke (SHARE) and under number NCT02807012.