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Background Breast cancer is the commonest cancer affecting women world wide. Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer related mortality in Asian countries. Management of breast cancer depends on several tumour-related and patient related factors. HER-2/neu over-expression has been associated with a poor prognosis in breast cancer. We assessed HER-2/neu over expression pattern in unselected breast cancer cases in terms of clinico-pathologic parameters to identify any associations between them. Methods Two hundred cases of breast cancer were evaluated at Advanced Medical and Dental Institute and Hospital Kepala Batas from 2002 to 2007. HER-2/neu status was confirmed in breast cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemical expression of HER-2/neu was evaluated according to the published scoring guidelines of the 'HercepTest' (Dako, Carpinteria, CA). Data were analysed to identify any association between HER-2/neu and clinico-pathologic parameters. Results HER-2/neu over expression was found in 63 (31.5%) tumours out of 200. When assessed for various age groups no significant association was found. However, a high percentage (75%) of over-expression was noted in the 81-85 years age group. No association was found with different racial groups (Malay, Chinese and Indians), with lymph node status or with grade of tumour. However a positive association was observed with oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor expression. Conclusion There was no association between HER-2/neu over expression and age, race, lymph node status or tumor grade. However a positive association was found with oestrogen and progesterone receptor status.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia and a major risk factor for ischemic stroke, especially in the elderly patients. Patients with non-valvular AF have a 5-fold excess risk of stroke recurrence and case-fatality rate.Objectives: This study was to evaluate the prevalence of AF and its influence on prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke.Materials & Methods: Total 125 patients with ischaemic stroke were enrolled in this study. Initially they were divided into two groups by ECG - those with AF and those without AF. They were followed up after one month, three months and six months. Comparison was done between the two groups in term of recurrence, mortality and clinical improvement which were assessed by Modified Rankin Score (MRS).Results: Among 125 patients, 22 patients had AF. Those with AF were more frequently male, aged more than 45 years. Recurrence was significantly higher in AF group during one month follow up (p<0.05). The presence of AF was associated with higher mortality in 3 months (p<0.05) and 6 months (p<0.05) follow up. At 3 months follow up clinical deterioration was noted in 9.1% patient with AF compared to 2.9% patients without AF (p<0.01) and at 6 months follow up clinical deterioration was noted in 18.2% patient with AF compared to 4.9% patients without AF (p<0.01).Conclusion: Patients who had an ischemic stroke with accompanying AF had higher mortality, graver stroke severity, more recurrences and poorer functional status than those without AF.KYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-2, Jan 2018, Page 8-12

Bloody pleural effusion may be a clinical complication of many diseases like malignancy, trauma, pulmonary infarction, ovarian pathology, certain infections etc. Rarely pulmonary, endometriosis can present with haemothorax & pose a diagnostic problem to clinicians. Histopathological confirmation is difficult, since bleeding site is not easy to locate. However, a presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary endometriosis can be made with a typical clinical history. We report a case of pleural endometriosis in a 28 years infertile lady presented with catamenial haemothorax occurring in the first 3 days of menstruation over a 3 months period associated with right shoulder pain & progressive shortness of breath for last 6 years. She was treated with continuous low dose oral contraceptive pill & there was no evidence of recurrent haemothorax during 9 months of follow up period.

Spinal tuberculosis (Pott’s disease) during pregnancy reported to be rare & can be associated  with destruction of the intervertebral disc & adjacent vertebrae that can lead to cord compression  & thereby paraplegia or quadriplegia. Delay in diagnosis is common & most cases are diagnosed  when paraplegia has already been occurred. This serious complication requires special attention  during pregnancy & delivery. Here we reported a case of term pregnancy with Pott’s paraplegia.  As the patient had complete motor & sensory loss from D7 level, (above the level of umbilicus  to the lower limbs) LUCS was done without anesthesia & a healthy female baby was delivered.  She did not require any analgesia post operatively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i1.13731 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(1) : 37-40