Bloody pleural effusion may be a clinical complication of many diseases like malignancy, trauma, pulmonary infarction, ovarian pathology, certain infections etc. Rarely pulmonary, endometriosis can present with haemothorax & pose a diagnostic problem to clinicians. Histopathological confirmation is difficult, since bleeding site is not easy to locate. However, a presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary endometriosis can be made with a typical clinical history. We report a case of pleural endometriosis in a 28 years infertile lady presented with catamenial haemothorax occurring in the first 3 days of menstruation over a 3 months period associated with right shoulder pain & progressive shortness of breath for last 6 years. She was treated with continuous low dose oral contraceptive pill & there was no evidence of recurrent haemothorax during 9 months of follow up period.
Spinal tuberculosis (Potts disease) during pregnancy reported to be rare & can be associated with destruction of the intervertebral disc & adjacent vertebrae that can lead to cord compression & thereby paraplegia or quadriplegia. Delay in diagnosis is common & most cases are diagnosed when paraplegia has already been occurred. This serious complication requires special attention during pregnancy & delivery. Here we reported a case of term pregnancy with Potts paraplegia. As the patient had complete motor & sensory loss from D7 level, (above the level of umbilicus to the lower limbs) LUCS was done without anesthesia & a healthy female baby was delivered. She did not require any analgesia post operatively DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v25i1.13731 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2010; Vol. 25(1) : 37-40
Parkinson's disease is a common disease of old age, whose major symptoms are of motor nature. Apart from the symptoms related to motor activity, patients of PD also experience various other fluctuating symptoms of a non-motor nature. These non-motor fluctuations (NMF) have been classified according to their characteristics into three categories; dysautonomic, mental (cognitive / psychiatric), and sensory / pain. These non-motor fluctuations may have a varied presentation and unless recognized by the physicians to be a feature of PD itself, lead to unnecessary and often costly or harmful investigations. The varied presentations of the nonmotor fluctuations in patients of PD are presented in this study. patients of PD from the Movement Disorder Clinic of the Neurology
Most meningiomas of the spinal cord are benign and arise from arachnoid membrane. We are reporting synchronous two meningiomas, one at T 10-11 and another at L 1 level in the same patient. TAJ 2004; 17(2): 108-109
Encephalitis has been known as a distinct entity for a long time but its exact cause has remained undetected in about half the cases in spite of extensive investigations. During the last few years there has been reports of cases of encephalitis in which antibodies has been detected against deep grey matter neurons. Antibodies have been detected against the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors or voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKC). VGKC antibody positive encephalitis usually presents in middle aged or elderly people and is twice as common in men. The main symptoms are memory loss and seizures. Cognitive impairment, confusion, disorientation, personality change and behavioral disturbances are also common. Encephalitis associated with NMDA receptor antibodies is mainly seen in children and young adults, with women being affected about three to four times more often than men. Initially there is a period of cognitive impairment and psychiatric features like hallucinations, agitation and depression but later there is gradual deterioration in conscious level with autonomic features often requiring intensive care. The most striking feature of both these types of encephalitis is their uniform good response to immunomodulating therapies. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), glucocorticosteroids, plasma exchange and drugs like cyclophosphamide, rituximab, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, singly or in combination have all produced good results. It is this surprisingly easily available effective treatment which makes diagnosis of this condition imperative. Encephalitis is a condition which is encountered by physicians at all levels and so a high level of awareness about the condition will ensure that the condition is not missed. This review about this new condition is being presented to make physicians aware about this devastating but easily treatable disease. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v13i2.12755 J Medicine 2012; 13 : 179-189
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