Lowland rice areas along the coastal regions are a major contributor for rice production in Indonesia. Sustainability of rice production in those areas is challenged by the increase of soil salinity as the result of sea water inundation. recently which are adaptable to salt affected areas. This paper will describe the progress in the breeding programs to develop salt tolerant rice for lowland rice areas in the coastal regions. Strategy to accelerate the improvement of the salinity tolerant of Indonesian rice varieties in the future will be also discussed.
Grain yield of rice is determined by genotype (G), environment (E), and interaction between genotype x environment (G x E). Variety can achieve its maximum yield potential if it is grown in suitable environments. This study was aimed to determine the adaptability and the yield stability of rice genotypes grown in different environments. Sixteen rice genotypes were tested using RBD in 16 sites during the wet season of 2010/2011, and dry season of 2011. The tested rice lines were developed for resistance to pest and diseases. The experiment unit was 4 m x 5 m of plot, plants were fertilized with urea, SP36, and KCl at rates of 250 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha, and 100 kg/ha, respectively. Variable observed was grain yield per plot. Combined analyses of variance showed that there was no lines yielded higher than did check variety Conde. The AMMI analysis showed that the largest variation was contributed by the environment factors (76.49%), genotype x environment interactions (17.55%), and the smallest was contributed by the genotypes (5.97%). Data exploration using boxplot method indicated that the low contribution of the genotype x environment interaction variance in this study was due to the high degree of similarity of yield potentials among the genotypes, and due to high similarity of environmental conditions of the sites.Based on the analysis of AMMI 2, lines B12743 - MR-18-2-3-8, IPB107-F-82-2-1, and Conde was each classified as widely adapted genotypes, while G8, IPB107-F-27-6-1, and BIO111-2-BC-PIR-3714, each was considered as genotype having a specific adaptation.
Pelaporan insiden keselamatan pasien (IKP) adalah jantung dari mutu layanan sebagai dasar proses belajar dan revisi dari kebijakan serta perbaikan berkelanjutan. Studi pendahuluan menunjukkan angka IKP yang lebih rendah dari internasional dan cenderung menurun yang mengindikasikan "under reporting". Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi, menganalisis dan menentukan solusi faktor penyebab penurunan pelaporan IKP di RS X. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan Focus Group Discussion dengan peserta adalah 26 kepala ruang rawat inap/kepala instalasi RS X. IKP sebenarnya tinggi tetapi tidak dilaporkan, penyebabnya adalah takut disalahkan jika melapor sebab budaya patient safety yaitu no blaming masih belum tumbuh secara merata di seluruh RS, kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pelaporan IKP, keengganan melaporkan karena komitmen kurang dari pihak manajemen atau unit terkait, tidak ada reward dari RS jika melaporkan dan kurangnya keaktifan dari KKPRS. Perlu menumbuhkan budaya patient safety secara merata di RS dengan mengaktifkan kembali Patient Safety Champion (PSC). Dibutuhkan komitmen yang tinggi dari pihak direksi dan manajemen dalam program keselamatan pasien. Perlu monitoring dan evaluasi dari KPRS tentang pelaporan IKP dengan cara ronde keselamatan pasien dan visitasi secara periodik ke unit dan instalasi di rumah sakit. Kata Kunci: Budaya keselamatan pasien, kemauan melaporkan, pelaporan insiden keselamatan pasien
<p>High acceptance of farmer to variety with have similar to IR64 type has led to almost all new varieties always be assessed based on their degree of similarity with IR64. Closely relations between elite upland varieties may contribute to the stagnation of yield potential and also give the impact un-durable of the resistance to pest and diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the morphology similarity kinship characters of elite rice varieties which were released from 1980 to 2011. The study was conducted in September–January 2012 in Indonesian Center for Rice Research field experiment. The material consisted of 46 rice varieties representing the released varieties from 1980–2011. The material was grown in 2 m × 5 m of plot size with 3 replications. Observations were conducted on qualitative and quantitative characters based on UPOV descriptors. Data were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. Principal component analysis revealed 40 components with 79,86% of cumulative variation that was used to determine the genetic relationship by cluster analysis. Based on the principal component analysis and cluster analysis, irrigated rice varieties released before and in 2000 and after 2008 (Inpari group) tend to be one big group and have a high phenotypic similarity. While the upland rice varieties tend to spread or were grouped in small groups. This high similarity suggested that the irrigated rice varieties have a close genetic relationship, which is derived from Ciherang or IR64.</p>
Sustainability of rice (Oryza sativa L.) production in high-altitude tropical upland is challenged by various abiotic and biotic problems. The main problems include low temperatures and blast disease. Farmers in high-altitude tropical uplands of Indonesia are still growing traditional rice varieties due to the absence of improved adaptive varieties. Development of improved varieties which are adapted to the high-altitude upland environment is therefore needed to increase productivity. This study aimed to investigate the interaction of genotype and environment of upland rice varieties across ten high-altitude upland locations in Indonesia and to determine their adaptability in the target areas. In addition, screening on blast disease and grain quality analysis was performed to characterize the genotypes. Significant interaction effects between genotype and the environment were observed for all agronomic characters. Genotype adaptability was determined based on the regression coefficient of grain yield and the environmental index. Genotypes such as B14168E-MR-10 adapted well in locations with low environmental indexes. In contrast, genotypes such as B11592F-MR-23-2-2 adapted well in locations with high environmental indexes. Screening using ten rice blast races showed that upland rice genotypes had a broad spectrum of resistance. Most of the genotypes had intermediate amylose content in the grains. Recently, the lines B14168E-MR-10 and B11592F-MR-23-2-2 have been approved to be released as new, improved rice varieties for high-altitude upland in Indonesia, namely Luhur 1 and Luhur 2, respectively. Both varieties are expected to be adopted by farmers in high-altitude upland to increase rice productivity in this environment.
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