Morphological Similarity Analysis of Elite Rice Varieties Released in 1980–2011

Abstract

<p>High acceptance of farmer to variety with have similar to IR64 type has led to almost all new varieties always be assessed based on their degree of similarity with IR64. Closely relations between elite upland varieties may contribute to the stagnation of yield potential and also give the impact un-durable of the resistance to pest and diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the morphology similarity kinship characters of elite rice varieties which were released from 1980 to 2011. The study was conducted in September–January 2012 in Indonesian Center for Rice Research field experiment. The material consisted of 46 rice varieties representing the released varieties from 1980–2011. The material was grown in 2 m × 5 m of plot size with 3 replications. Observations were conducted on qualitative and quantitative characters based on UPOV descriptors. Data were analyzed by Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis. Principal component analysis revealed 40 components with 79,86% of cumulative variation that was used to determine the genetic relationship by cluster analysis. Based on the principal component analysis and cluster analysis, irrigated rice varieties released before and in 2000 and after 2008 (Inpari group) tend to be one big group and have a high phenotypic similarity. While the upland rice varieties tend to spread or were grouped in small groups. This high similarity suggested that the irrigated rice varieties have a close genetic relationship, which is derived from Ciherang or IR64.</p>

Effect of Drought Periods on Rice Lines Growth and Yield

“…Cluster IV contains the most lines, while Cluster III contains the fewest. The similarity between the lines in the group was indicated by the value of the coefficient and a smaller value indicated that the lines were more similar to each other (Sitaresmi et al, 2018). This cluster was used to study the influence of drought periods on plant growth.…”

“…The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), and if there was a significant effect at 5% level, the least significant difference (LSD) was used. Cluster analysis was also performed to classify the rice lines into a number of different groups, with related participants placed in the same group (Sitaresmi et al, 2018). The agglomerative approach was employed for clustering, and euclidean distance was used to measure dissimilarity.…”

Exploration and Characterization of Grain Morphology and Rice (caryopsis) Genotypes of Local Rice in Solok Regency, West Sumatra

“…Padi lokal merupakan aset genetik yang sangat berharga, sehingga harus dikelola dengan baik. Padi lokal memiliki keunggulan tertentu karena telah dibudidayakan secara turun-temurun sehingga dapat beradaptasi dengan baik pada berbagai kondisi tanah dan iklim tertentu (Sitaresmi et al, 2013). Di sisi lain, beras lokal juga memiliki beberapa keterbatasan seperti umur panjang, ukuran besar, ketahanan terhadap hama dan penyakit, serta hasil yang rendah (Sadimantara et al, 2014).…”

STABILITAS NONPARAMETRIK HASIL 14 GENOTIPE TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum L.) DI EMPAT LINGKUNGAN

“…Dua pendekatan untuk menentukan stabilitas genotipe adalah pendekatan parametrik dan nonparametrik. Pendekatan parametrik didasarkan pada asumsi bahwa pengaruh distribusi genotipe, lingkungan, dan interaksi GxE berdistribusi normal (Sitaresmi, et al 2012;Syukur et al 2012). Mirip dengan Huehn (1990), analisis stabilitas dengan pendekatan parametrik memerlukan beberapa asumsi yang harus dipenuhi, seperti sebaran data yang normal, dan jika asumsi yang diajukan tidak terpenuhi maka hasil analisis dapat menjadi bias.…”