Introduction: Energy drinks are widely used among youth as boosters to increase their concentration. Many Health disorders are associated with energy drinks. Avocado oil is a natural oil extracted from avocado fruit and possess an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Aim of the Work: This work was conducted to investigate the effect of energy drink on the histological structure of the pancreas of adult male albino rat and to evaluate the possible protective role of avocado oil. Materials and Methods: Forty adult male albino rats were divided equally into 4 groups; control group, avocado oil-treated group (0.4 mg/100 gm body weight), energy drink-treated group (1.5 mg/100 gm body weight) and both avocado oil and energy drink treated group. All rats were orally administrated once daily for 4 weeks. Pancreatic specimens were processed for light and electron microscopy. Immunohistochemical study was performed using insulin and caspase-3 antibodies. Results: Energy drink-treated group revealed focal disturbed architecture of the exocrine and endocrine parts of pancreas. The exocrine pancreas appeared with cytoplasmic vacuolations and deeply stained nuclei of the acinar cells in addition to congested blood vessels. Ultrastructural examination revealed both acinar and islet cells with cytoplasmic vacuolations, swollen mitochondria with disrupted cristae, dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum in addition to shrunken condensed nuclei with dilated perinuclear cisternae. The immunohistochemical study showed a significant decrease in the insulin immunoreaction of β cells associated with a significant increase in caspase-3 immunoreaction in acinar and islet cells. In contrast, minimal changes were observed in rats treated concomitantly with avocado oil and energy drink with a non-significant change in the immunohistochemical reaction. Conclusion: Energy drink induced structural changes in the pancreas of rats and the concomitant administration of avocado oil could to some degree ameliorate such changes.
Background: Muscle injuries are common and may be associated with impaired functional capacity, especially among athletes. Ordinary lines of treatment result in improper healing of the damaged tissue with prolonged time for recovery, so it was essential to try new lines of treatment for these injuries to get advantageous effect on the healing process. One of these new treatments is platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which is used to improve healing of many lesions such as skin and sports injury. Aim of the work: This work was carried out to evaluate the role of platelet rich plasma in healing of experimentally induced skeletal muscle injury in adult male albino rat. Materials and methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were divided Into: Group I: donor group to obtain PRP from their peripheral blood and muscle specimens from their gasterocnemius muscle. Group II: was exposed to bilateral gastrocnemius muscles injury and was left without treatment. Group III: Bilateral gastrocnemius muscles were injured and immediately treated locally with PRP intramuscularly. Muscle specimens were excised after 1, 7and 21 days from the onset of injury and were processed for light and electron microscopic examination. Results: PRP treated group demonstrated early formation of many myotubes starting from the 7th day after injury onwards in association with ultrastructural features of activated satellite cells together with restoration of normal histological features of muscle fibers. Conclusion: local injection of PRP into the injured gastrocnemius muscle resulted in early activation, proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells resulting in earlier and enhanced myogenesis.
Background: Alendronate is an anti-bone-resorptive drug used in the treatment of post-menopausal osteoporosis. Its long administration induced organ damage especially the submandibular salivary glands. Propolis is a natural resinous substance with an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.
Aim of Study:This work was performed to study the effect of alendronate on the histological structure of the submandibular salivary gland of adult male albino rat and the possible protective effect of propolis.Material and Methods: 40 adult male albino rats were divided into 4 groups (10 rats each); control group, Group A: Rats received 100mg/kg body weight propolis, Group B: Rats received 2.5mg/kg body weight alendronate and Group C: Rats received propolis 30 minutes before alendronate. Doses were given orally for consecutive 30 days then gland specimens were taken for histological and immunohistochemical studies using light and electron microscopes.Results: H & E and toluidine blue results of Group B revealed disturbed architecture, separated lobules and acini, cytoplasmic vacuolations, dark nuclei, irregular ducts and congested blood vessels. PAS-AB showed significant increase in its mean color intensity as compared with control group while a-SMA glandular myoepithelial cells immunostaining expressed significant decrease in its mean color intensity in comparison to control group. Electron microscopic examination of acinar and duct cells revealed cytoplasmic vacuolations, rarefaction, abnormal shaped mitochondria with lost cristae, electron dense bodies, dilated RER and Golgi apparatus, apparently increased secretory granules with coalescence, compressed shrunken hyperchromatic nuclei, nuclear membrane irregularities, and dilated perinuclear and intercellular spaces. Group C showed moderate improvement of the previous pathological findings.Conclusion: Alendronate induced damaging effects on the histological structure of submandibular salivary gland in Egypt rats and the administration of propolis could moderately improve such damage through its anti-oxidant and antiinflammatory effects.
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