Laboratory Evaluation of Local Isolates of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae against Coffee Berry Borer, Hyphotenemus hampei, using spryaing method. Beauveria bassiana Bals (Vuillemin) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin are two species of fungi that have been studied widely and used as biological control of various insect pests, including coffee berry borer (CBB), Hyphotenemus hampei Ferrari. Laboratory studies were done in June – July 2017, to evaluate local isolates of both fungi species against CBB, the most destructive insect pest of coffee worldwide, including in Indonesia. B. bassiana was isolated from dead sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) and green stink bug (Nezara viridula), and from soil. M. anisopliae was isolated from soil. The pure cultures of the fungi were mass-cultured on corn based media. The conidia harvested from 4 week colonies was hand sprayed directly upon CBB adults (females) and damaged coffee berry at the concentration of 109 ml-1. In additions, the conidia of B. bassiana isolated from C. formicarius alone was diluted to 106- 109 ml-1 and applied to damaged coffee berry. The results showed that when the conidia were applied directly upon the insects, the mortality of beetle were higher in B. bassiana than in M. anisopliae treatments. Pooled data indicated that B. bassiana isolated from death insects significantly caused higher mortality than did M. anisopliae isolated from soil. Beetle mortality was 76.7 and 80.0% for B. basiana, and 60.3 and 60% for M. anysopliae treatments. Application upon damage coffee berry indicated much lower mortality. Application of higher concentration upon damaged coffee berry resulted higher mortality, but data are not consistent. The mortality of CBB larvae was much less and negligible even at the highest conidia concentration.
Produktivitas lahan sawah beririgasi di Desa Sumber Agung, Bengkulu Utara masih rendah. Petani mempraktekkan budidaya padi secara konvensional dengan masukan pupuk dan pestisida kimia. Sekolah lapang pengelolaan hama terpadu (SLPHT) dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang ekosistem tanaman dan produktivitas padi sawah, dan mengurangi penggunaan pestisida kimia. Kegiatan dilakukan pada demplot seluas +7.500 m2, untuk membandingkan sistem pengelolaan hama terpadu (PHT) dengan sistem konvensional. Petani peserta SLPHT dilatih melakukan pengamatan ekosistem tanaman setiap minggu selama satu musim tanam (11 kali pertemuan). Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan petani tentang ekosistem padi dan pengelolaan tanaman sehat dan hama penyakit tanaman hampir dua kali lipat dengan skor nilai dari 42.72 menjadi 83.52. Aplikasi pestisida nabati dan agensia hayati dilakukan pada petak PHT sebanyak 3 kali, sedangkan aplikasi pada petak konvensional sebanyak 8 kali dengan menggunakan pestisida kimia. Serangan dari hama burung pipit yang tidak bisa ditanggulangi menyebabkan produktivitas rendah. Hasil ubinan gabah kering panen (GKP) pada petak PHT adalah 2.3 + 0.36 kg (setara 2.172 ton per Ha) sedangkan pada petak konvensional 2.06 + 0.38 kg (setara 1.94 per Ha).
ysoxylum mollissimum is a commodity that is widely used as carpentry wood and furniture in Bengkulu. Rastrococcus sp. is one of the pests of D. mollissimum. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the attack of Rastrococcus sp. on saplings, poles and trees D. mollissimum in the campus forest of Bengkulu University. The study was conducted with a purposive sampling survey method. The observational variables were symptoms and the rate of attack of Rastrococcus sp. at various stages of growth, the host range, and the identification of natural enemies of Rastrococcus sp. The results showed that Rastrococcus sp. was able to attack D. mollissimum at all growing stages, namely sapling, pole and tree. The highest number of Rastrococcus sp. population was observed in the pole phase (35.4 ± 6.46 individuals), then the tree phase (34.9 ± 20.38 individuals), and saplings (26.3 ± 5.12 individuals). The Rastrococcus sp. was commonly found in the lower leaves. Scymnus sp. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and Acarina (mites) were found as predator of the mealybug. This information is expected to be a reference in developing control strategies of Rastrococcus sp. especially on D. mollissimum.
Lima bean pod borer (LBPB), Etiella zynckenella Trietschke, is major insect pest of soybean in Indonesia. Currently it was also reported attacking groundnut in some parts of Sumatera causing serious yield loss. Insecticide treatment is not only ecologically unsafe, but also is not practical due to concealed behavior of the larvae within pods below soil surface. Systemic insecticide might be so but unsafe as it might leave unaccepted residue in harvested pods. It is clear that safer more effective technology such as biological control is badly needed. A Field study was conducted at the University of Bengkulu Research Station in 2012-2013. The objectives was to determine the effectiveness of non local strain of entomopathoegen nematode (EPN), Sterinenema carpocapsae, to control LBPB attacking groundnut. Groundnut seeds were sewed in plots which were later treated with S. carpocasae produce by Biological Control Laboratory University of Jember at the dose of 500.000 JI m-2. EPN was sprayed upon plants and soil surface twice at plant age of 45 and 65 days after sewing (DAS). There were insecticide treatment and control plots as comparison. Observations of damaged pods and the presence of LBPB larvae were done at plant age of 63, 77, 90 DAS and at the haevesting date. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means of damaged pods were separated with least significant different (LSD). The result revealed that in two years study, damaged pods consistently tended to be less in plots treated with S. carpocasae or insecticide than those in controls, indicating that it might be effective against PLPB. The lack of significant different between EPN treated and control plots might be as a result of low percentages of EPN larval survival due shipment problem (i.e. inappropriate packaging and long transportation that toke several days) or it might be that the strain was less adapted yet to local conditions. I speculate that local strain of EPN might be more effective to control LBPB attacking groundnut.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.