The pattern surface structure of a thin blend polymer film of Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) – Poly ethylene glycol (PEG) induced by Ar+ ion etching (5 keV) has been investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Blend polymer films have been obtained consisting of a hydrophilic PEG and a hydrophobic PMMA distributed in co-continuous phases. Four different compositions of the two polymers are dissolved in chloroform and irradiated with gamma rays (60Co) at 20 kGy to produce transparent films of blend polymer PMMA-PEG after casting. Self-assembled of PMMA-PEG film is obtained because of the high contrast between the two polymers. Ion-polymer interaction with a hydrophilic polymer (Ar+ +PEG) rather than the high etch resistance of hydrophobic polymer (Ar+ −PMMA) was observed. The results are discussed in terms of significant destruction of bonds in the blend polymer films as a result of which one polymer undergoes rapid dissociation rather than the other one. This means that etching with Ar+ ions of the PMMA domains are stable and PEG can be selective. The ATR-FTIR spectrum shows the absence of hydrogen bonds and XRD/DSC curves show the crystanility of PMMA depending on the PEG contents and gamma radiation effect, irradiated blend polymer PMMA/PEG has shown more resistant at thermal degradation than irradiated PMMA. This indicates that the PEG contents have an effect on the thermal stability of PMMA/PEG as detected by TGA. Finally, the pattern surface of irradiated blend polymer (PMMA-2%PEG) was plated with two coaxial layers subsequently of copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) using sputter technique.

In this article, we discuss the radiation effects and ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) as compatibilizing agent on waste polyethylene (WPE)/virgin polyethylene (VPE), 80/20 wt%, reinforced by Kevlar fiber (Aramid). Hence, by melt mixing the compatibility between WPE and VPE will be performed by adding 10 phr fixed weight of EVA. After that various weights of Kevlar fiber at phr 1.5, 2.5, and 3.5 were reinforced into prepared polymer blend. The composites mechanical properties and the thermal stability were predicted. Furthermore, infrared and X‐ray diffraction used to characterize the composites structure. Improvements of both tensile strength and elastic modulus of prepared composites at 1.5 phr of Kevlar was observed and decreased in their values were noticed after that. Also, thermal stability has been enhanced with EVA and Kevlar fiber. Remarked improvements in studied parameters were generally determined by formation of crosslinking networks via gamma irradiation.

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Cement kiln dust (CKD) is a residue produced during the manufacture of cement that contains hazardous solid waste of high toxicity that affects the environment and public health. In this study, the possibility of using CKD as a filler in the plastic and rubber industry was studied. The effect of CKD concentration and gamma irradiation dose on the mechanical and physico-chemical properties of the composite containing waste polyethylene/devulcanized rubber/EPDM rubber (named blank) was investigated. Different concentrations of CKD, namely 10, 15, 20, and 30 phr (part per hundred part of composite), were used. The results indicated that this composite (blended with CKD) properties were improved. The most significant improvement was achieved by using CKD concentration of 20 phr at the dose of 100 kGy of gamma irradiation. These findings were demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Graphical abstract

Cement kiln dust (CKD) is a residue produced during the manufacture of cement that contains hazardous solid waste of high toxicity that affects the environment and public health. In this study, the possibility of using cement waste as a filler in the plastic and rubber industry was studied. Different concentrations of (CKD) and gamma irradiation on the mechanical, thermal stability of the prepared composites sheets were investigated. Different concentrations of (CKD) 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, and 40 wt % were prepared with double screw extrusion by mixing waste polyethylene (WPE), de-vulcanized rubber (DWR), and EPDM rubber. These prepared composites were irradiated with doses 25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 kGy to study the effect of radiation on the physical, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of the prepared composite sheets. The prepared composite sheets were characterized and verified by FTIR and soluble fractions. The morphology of the composite sheets was investigated by SEM. Mechanical and thermal properties were investigated to evaluate the possibility of its application in the plastic and rubber industry.