In the article, there have been presented literature data and given results of the authors’ own studies related to description of natural-climatic and anthropogenic health deterioration risk factors for population living in the Arctic. There have been singled out two main groups of risk factors specific for the Arctic regions.

AbstractThe peculiarity of natural conditions of Yakutia plays an important role in the formation of economic activities of its population. A significant number of rivers and lakes are a favorable condition for the development and preservation of traditional fishing. Currently, more than 89% of the commercial fish catch is produced in the lower reaches of the large northern rivers and lakes in the Arctic and subarctic zones of Yakutia. The main part of this catch is whitefish species, which are valued for their fat content, protein content, culinary, and taste qualities. Fish is a valuable food product for the population of Yakutia. This article presents the results of the study on the nutritional value and the content of heavy metals in the Arctic cisco meat. The high content of fat and protein in the studied samples shows that the Arctic cisco meat belongs to high-protein and high-calorie products and has a high biological value. It was found that on average, the level of toxic metals in the Arctic cisco meat does not exceed the norms accepted in Russia for fish products. The data obtained suggest that the content of heavy metals in fish is due to the peculiarities of living conditions and environmental pollution. Over the past decades, the volume of fish production in Yakutia has been declining due to the socioeconomic and climatic factors. Due to the anthropogenic pollution of water in rivers and lakes by oil products and effluents and waste from various sectors of the economy, especially the mining industry, there is a reduction in the fish resources and there is a need to monitor the environmental condition of the fishing reservoirs and the fish food quality.

The article is dedicated to clarification of dependence of the Macaulay duration on the period until maturity by accounting the behavior of this indicator between coupon payments. The problem of dependence of bond duration on the period until maturity accounting the behavior of duration between coupon payments has not been considered before. It has been observed that the Macaulay duration varies linearly during a coupon period and in the end of the period the duration jumps in direct proportion to the period until maturity. The maximum jump for discount obligations is in the region of long periods until maturity. We have received evidence of how the jump depends on the period until maturity. The article contains calculations of how the duration jump depends on the period until maturity. These calculations confirm the proven statements. The obtained results may be useful for long-term investment problems.

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