Among patients with unstable angina or myocardial infarction without ST-segment elevation, prasugrel did not significantly reduce the frequency of the primary end point, as compared with clopidogrel, and similar risks of bleeding were observed. (Funded by Eli Lilly and Daiichi Sankyo; TRILOGY ACS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00699998.).
Mast cells cyclically synthesize and excrete a wide range of biogenesis products with different biological activities into the extracellular matrix and are regulators of local homeostasis both in normal conditions and in pathology – inflammation, oncogenesis, etc. The relative specificity of classical histochemical methods for detecting mast cells in relation to chromogenic to substrates causes certain difficulties in the selective study of the components of the secretome of mast cells, for example, heparin, histamine, chymase or tryptase. Therefore, immunomorphological techniques have become very popular, which identify specific substrates and allow differentiation of the components of the mast cell secretome. Mediators produced by mast cells promote neoangiogenesis, fibrillogenesis and re-epithelialization during the repair process.The aim of our work was to study the tryptase profile of the mast cell population of rat skin during the wound processusing an original combined method of immunohistochemical staining.Material and methods. The experiment involved 12 Wistar rats divided into two groups – intact (n=6) and with the existing wound process of the skin in the withers (n=6). The tryptase profile of mast cells was assessed on the 7th day of the wound process in comparison with the control group.Results. The results obtained showed a significant increase in the number of tryptase-positive mast cells on the 7th day of the wound process in the skin against the background of a general increase in the population of mast cells. Intragranular tryptase reserve was significantly increased. In contrast to the control, where mast cells with single tryptase-positive granules dominated, during the wound process, cells of this type were practically not detected in the skin (43.69±2.9% and 8.55±0.9%). The content of tryptase-positive mast cells with complete filling of the cytoplasm in the control group and the group of animals with a wound process was 14.24±1.2% and 38.03±2.9%, respectively.Conclusion. Thus, when modeling a wound, an increase in tryptase synthesis is detected both in individual MCs and within the entire MC population. This fact indicates that mast cell proteases can become a potential therapeutic target for improving wound regeneration by correcting immunogenesis, inflammation and fiber formation.
The mechanisms of regeneration for the fibrous component of the connective tissue of the dermis are still insufficiently studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of molecular hydrogen on the local therapy of a II degree burn wound with the intensification of collagen fibrillogenesis in the skin. We analyzed the involvement of mast cells (MCs) in the regeneration of the collagen fibers of the connective tissue using water with a high content of molecular hydrogen and in a therapeutic ointment for the cell wounds. Thermal burns led to an increase in the skin MC population, accompanied by a systemic rearrangement of the extracellular matrix. The use of molecular hydrogen for the treatment of burn wounds stimulated the regeneration processes by activating the formation of the fibrous component of the dermis, accelerating wound healing. Thus, the intensification of collagen fibrillogenesis was comparable to the effects of a therapeutic ointment. The remodeling of the extracellular matrix correlated with a decrease in the area of damaged skin. Skin regeneration induced by the activation of the secretory activity of MCs may be one of the possible points of implementation of the biological effects of molecular hydrogen in the treatment of burn wounds. Thus, the positive effects of molecular hydrogen on skin repair can be used in clinical practice to increase the effectiveness of therapy after thermal exposure.
Целью настоящего исследования является изучение циклических изменений секреторных, деструктивных и пролиферативных процессов в коре надпочечных желез у норок. Материал и методы. Материал собран в период с декабря по апрель с месячным интервалом. Фрагменты надпочечных желез фиксировали в жидкостях Штиве, Буэна, Ценкера и в 10% растворе нейтрального формалина. Применяли ШИК-реакцию, окраску трихром-ШИК и тетрахром-ШИК. РНК выявляли реакцией Браше и галлоцианином по Эйнарсону. Материал, фиксированный в 10% растворе нейтрального формалина, использовали для изучения липидов. Результаты. Изучены циклические изменения морфофункциональных показателей коры надпочечника у норок. В декабре в коре надпочечных желез четко выражены клубочковая, пучковая и сетчатая зоны. В клубочковой зоне представлены полигональные клетки с умеренно вакуолизированной цитоплазмой, в пучковой зоне содержатся клетки, которые не отличаются от клеток клубочковой зоны. В январе в коре надпочечных желез обнаружено снижение функциональной активности корковой паренхимы и развитие обширных деструктивных изменений железистых клеток во всех зонах коркового вещества. В феврале отмечаются обширные пролиферативные процессы и повышение секреторной активности коры надпочечника. Мелкие клетки очагов пролиферации перемещаются в пучковую зону и превращаются в активно функционирующие клетки. В марте завершаются восстановительные процессы в коре надпочечника.
The purpose of this study was to determine the thickness of skin and fat folds in Kyrgyz women of various ages, taking into account their somatotypological profile. Using the method of complex anthropometry, including the determination of the values of 21 anthropometric parameters, the physical status of 1028 Kyrgyz women of different age groups was studied youth (16-20 years old 310 girls), mature age (1st period, 21-35 years old 308 women; 2nd period, 36-55 years 410 women) living in Osh, Kyrgyzstan. For somatotyping, we used the scheme of constitutional diagnostics. Seven somatotypes distinguished within three constitutional groups. The subcutaneous fat was measured by caliperometry. Statistical processing carried out using the statistical programs Microsoft Excel and the STATISTICA package (v. 6.0). To determine the reliability of the differences between the indicators, the Student's test was used (p < 0.05). The results demonstrate that within each somatotype there are broad changes in the studied anthropometric indicator. Thus, the thickness of the skin and fat folds is the smallest in women of asthenic, athletic and stenoplastic (p < 0.05), and the largest in representatives of the euriplastic and pycnic somatotypes (p < 0.05). Thus, indicators of physical status in adolescence and adulthood in women have a pronounced somatotypological specificity. These materials on the physical development and constitutional and typological characteristics of the studied population of women applicable for a personalized approach in the context of a relative norm.
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