In the present article, the experimental research of electrochemical cleaning of oil-contaminated soil is provided. The decrease of oil concentration in the soil from 1100 mg/kg down to 250 mg/kg at the current density in the range from 22 A/m2 to 174 A/m2 during 90 minutes is shown. It has been established that there is the limit amount of charge required for effective cleaning, which amounted to 0.96·107 coulombs per kilogram of oil. The electrodes placement variant for the proposed method realization in real conditions is described. It is shown that at a voltage between the electrodes about 18 V and the cleaning efficiency of 77% the energy consumption will be 173 MJ/kg of oil.
There is given a common method of calculation of power consumptions for emulsification at systems liquid-liquid in low volume mixing devices (rotary pulsating apparatuses and rotor-disc mixers) in this Article. Named mixing devices shown a high efficiency at processing of liquid-liquid systems and are widely used at chemical processes. It is shown that at determination of energy consumptions it is need to take in account energy dissipation processes, caused by viscous friction forces, which affect a significant influence at high gradients of speeds turbulent motion. It is obtained the ratio, which connects an angular velocity of rotor rotation of mixing device and a characteristic size of dispersed phase particles of a mixing device. There are given an experimental equations of consumed power of rotor-disc mixers on rotor rotations number and characteristic sizes of dispersed particles for th system water and diesel fuel. Also it is known that in decrease of dispersed particles size and in increase of volume consumption of the processed mixture, the consumed power is increase, and it due to the fact by increase energy consumption for creation of interphase surface.
The electrochemical method of soil cleaning by passing small amperage has rather high efficiency for oil products, phenols, salts, heavy metals, and other chemicals pollution. Cleaning can be realized through a whole complex of physical, chemical and biological processes. The most important are the electrokinetic movement of the pollutant, the oxidation and evaporation of the components. The arrangement of anodes and cathodes that reduces the resistance between the electrodes by creating in the interelectrode space an electric field close to homogeneous is considered. This calculation allows to determine the number of electrodes, the amperage between them, the voltage depending on the properties of the soil, the area, the depth of contamination of the treated area, the geometric parameters of the electrodes and the required degree of cleaning.
This article describes the simulation and modeling software for the process of polymerization of vinyl chloride suspension process for automatic control and maintaining of optimum modes of chemical transformations. Simulation and modeling software operating in the training mode allows acquiring the skills of process control and in supervisory mode to evaluate the level of training of operating personnel.
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