The paper presents the results on the use of pulsed electric discharge in an aqueous medium (Yutkin effect) for processing raw amber. The proposed method allows to achieve a high degree of purification of the surface of amber, including purification from the oxidized crust, almost without destruction of the original pieces, while there is no sticking of small fractions and other negative phenomena. Using the same method, but in other treatment modes, it is possible to crush off-grade feedstock for further refining. Fractional composition of the obtaining material and the degree of its purification are regulated by the treatment mode. So three technological processes (washing, peeling and crushing) can be carried out using only one installation, which significantly reduce the cost of industrial implementation.
The paper presents the results of research on the use of a pulsed electric discharge in aqueous media for the pretreatment (preliminary crushing and washing) of quartz sand in the glass industry. The averaged granulometric and elemental composition of quartz sands of the Muraevnya deposit has been studied (explored reserves are 31 million tons). The efficiency of the proposed method for treating quartz sand for its subsequent cleaning from undesirable impurities (primarily iron and clay oxides) is shown, preliminary parameters of the treatment process, changes in the granulometric and elemental composition of raw materials, and specific energy consumption for its treatment are determined. The main advantage of the technology is that it makes it possible to obtain such a degree of purification of quartz sand from impurities due to the destruction of impurities aggregated with silicon oxide particles, which is unattainable with standard flushing.
The paper substantiates the possibility of applying the technology based on the use of electrohydraulic effect for the preliminary preparation of clay ores with fine mineral phases. The technology was developed in the laboratory by conducting experimental studies on samples of several types of clay rocks and ores that differ in the composition of inclusions of solid fractions in them. Experiments have confirmed that with the optimal selection of operating modes of a specially created electrohydraulic unit, high selectivity is achieved for crushing and dispersing different strength minerals and mineral phases of sample materials, which ensures the destruction of the clay component while maintaining the integrity of solid fractions. Removal of water-soluble clay fraction with the pulp and washing of the resulting intermediate product provides a high degree of cleaning of solid inclusions from clay. This makes it possible to recommend the use of electrohydraulic technology for cleaning solid fractions of fine clay ores from clay at the initial stage of ore preparation, followed by the extraction of valuable minerals from the resulting intermediate product of enrichment by traditional methods.
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