Over a period of six months, seven cases were documented oftrauma to the nose as a result of flow driver continuous positive airway pressure in babies of very low birthweight (VLBW). There was a complication rate of 20% in the babies who required it. Deformitiesconsisted of columelia nasi necrosis which can occur within three days, flaring ofnostrils which worsens with duration of continuous positive airway pressure, and snubbing of the nose which persists after prolonged continuous positive airway pressure.These complications should be preventable by modifications to the mechanism and method of use. (Arch Dis Child 1996;75:F209-F212)

The three-body decay ' 0~2p + 'OC was studied following production via single-neutron stripping from a radioactive "0 projectile. This is the first observation of two-proton emission from an unbound ground state where the one-proton emission channel is energetically closed beyond the lightest case of Be. No evidence for He emission is seen, despite predictions for a large diproton branching ratio. An upper limit of 7% (95% C.L. ) is established for this decay branch. The implications of the small diproton branching ratio observed here and seen previously in Be are discussed.PACS numbers: 2~.50.+z, 25.60.+v, 27.20.+n Over 30 years ago Goldanskii predicted the existence of ground-state two-proton (2p) radioactivity in particle unbound (proton-rich) even-Z nuclei where the pairing energy between the last two protons causes the one-proton

Angiolipomas are benign tumours which usually arise from subcutaneous tissue, particularly in the forearm, but they do occur rarely in the spinal canal. To the best of our knowledge 60 cases of histologically confirmed spinal angiolipoma have been reported in the medical literature. They show a female predominance (1.6:1), and the mean age at presentation is 43 years. They usually arise in the thoracic spine, most cases presenting with slowly progressive signs and symptoms of cord compression. Rarely, massive acute haemorrhage into the tumour may herald its presence. Surgical resection or decompression are the most satisfactory methods of treatment in most patients. We describe three further cases of spinal angiolipoma, and discuss their aetiology, pathogenesis, clinico-pathological features and surgical management.

The fragmentation of EIA =40 MeV Ne projectiles into exit channels containing only p, d, t, He, e, He, Li, and Li fragments has been investigated. Relative shifts between the average longitudinal velocity of each fragment type were measured with ' Sn and ' Au targets. A post-breakup Coulomb acceleration component of these shifts was isolated. Its magnitude indicates that the projectile broke up while in near contact with the target. On the other hand, correlations between projectile fragments indicate that a significant fraction of these fragments are produced by the sequential decay of longand short-lived unstable intermediates. A fully sequential decay process, although consistent with the experimental relative angle distributions, fails to reproduce the correlation function. Thus, a picture emerges of a prompt breakup step producing stable and unstable particles with the subsequent decay of the latter extending over a long time period.

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We speculate that further tumour growth might have led to complete replacement of the tumour by pure squamous carcinoma, and that other advanced oesophageal squamous carcinomas might have had their origin in a short-lived carcinosarcomatous phase.

A 52 year old woman had autoimmune hepatitis and an increased concentration of serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). The origin of the raised CA19-9 was studied using immunohistochemistry. Liver biopsy section showed chronic active hepatitis with large numbers of proliferated bile ductules. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the proliferated bile ductule cells were positive for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and for CA19-9. It is speculated that the raised serum CA19-9 concentration was derived from proliferated bile ductule cells and these cells, which are positive for PCNA, may be able to produce high concentrations of CA19-9. (J Clin Pathol 1998;51:167-169)