PNL-5781 UC-85 Retrievable Storage Program .Office and Mr. Jim Creer of the Commercial Spent Fuel Management Program/Dry Storage System Performance Evaluation Project for their support and insight. Special thanks also goes to Mr. Jim Bates for his dedication and hard work in performing and reporting the tests described in this document. Finally, thanks to E. D.
of the Commercial Spent Fuel Management Program Office managed by the Pacific Northwest Laboratory are acknowledged for their support and guidance during the study. Appreciation is also extended to J. M. Creer and C. L. Wheeler for their contributions to this study. Special thanks are extended to J. Fleisch and K. Einfeld of the German Association for the Recycling of Nuclear Fuel (DWK) for coordinating information transfer; K. Ramke of Preussen Elektra for spent fuel information; H. Baatz, D. Ritscher, H. Geiser, and D. Meitling of Gesellschaft fUr Nuklear Services {GNS) for cask design details; and V. Barnhart of General Nuclear Services, Inc., for coordinating the information transfer from GNS. Appreciation is extended to Ridihalgh, Eggers & Associates and the General Electric Company for providing details on the REA 2023 BWR storage cask and the spent fuel assemblies required for input to the analyses .
COBRA-SFS (Spent Fuel Storage) is a general thermal-hydraulic analysis computer code used to predict temperatures and velocities in a wide variety of systems. The code was refined and specialized for spent fuel storage system analyses for the u.s. Department of Energy's Commercial Spent Fuel Management Program.
This strategy plan describes a coupled analytical/experimental approach to develop a multi-functionalscarifier end effector coupled with a pneumatic conveyance system to retrieve wastes from underground storage tanks. The scarifier uses ultra-high-pressure water jets to rubblize and entrain waste " forms such as salt cake, sludge, and viscous liquid that can be transported pneumatically. The three waste types (hard, brittle, salt cake, viscous liquid, and deformable sludge) present increasinglycomplex challenges for scarification and pneumatic conveyance. Salt cake is anticipatedto be the easiest to retrieve because I) a theoretical model of hydraulic rock fracture can be applied to estimate jet performance to fracture salt cake, 2) gas-solids transport correlationscan be used to predict pneumatic transport. Deformable sludge is anticipated to be the most difficult to retrieve: no theories, correlations,or data exist to predict this performance. However order-of-magnitudegas-solid correlationsindicate particulatewastes of prototypic density can be transported to a height of 20 m within allowable pressure limits provided that the volume fraction of the gaseous phase is kept above 95%. Viscous liquid is anticipatedto be of intermediatecomplexity to retrieve. Phenomena that are expected to affect system performance are ranked. Experiments and analyses necessary to evaluate the effects of these phenomena are proposed. Subsequen,_ strategies for ,_,xperiment test plans, system deployment, and operation and control will need to be developed. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The work described in this report was conducted for the Underground Storage Tank IntegratedDemonstration (UST-ID) for project sponsor M. K. Mahaffey of WestinghouseHanford Company. A major portion of the informationpresented in this strategy plan was 9 gathered during a 2-day workshop held at Pacific Northwest Laboratory. Workshop participants includedWilliam J. Coleman and David O. Monserud from Quest Integrated,Inc. (Kent, Washington) and Dr. Clayton T. Crowe, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at WashingtonState University (Pullman, Washington). Quest Integrated,Inc. staff provided insight about how to develop and test the scarifier to define a configurationto remove salt cake, sludge, and viscous liquids such as those stored in single-shelltanks at Hanford. Dr. Crowe provided insight to the pneumatic conveyance application.
Abstract.Research and development (R&D) organizations such as the U.S. Department of Energy national laboratories span the spectrum of R&D from basic science to operational support. They must address a wide range of project types (e.g., projects that produce knowledge as their primary product or that develop a first-of-a-kind system), technology readiness levels, and client demands. Application of formal systems engineering processes (such as those supporting U.S. Department of Defense acquisitions) is often not warranted or affordable, particularly where it is uncertain whether a technology can meet key performance goals. To address these challenges, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has developed and is implementing a systems engineering framework that is highly tailorable and adaptable for the wide range of R&D that the laboratory executes. The framework applies the concepts of systems development-related risk and technology maturity levels to tailor the systems engineering effort. This paper describes the framework and its implementation.
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