a b s t r a c tIn this paper, an implementation of the control and the synchronization algorithms for a Voltage Source Inverter used as the power conditioner for Photovoltaic renewable energy in a grid-connected structure is carried out. Its main purpose is to show, in a simple manner, the design and combined operation of the control and synchronization algorithms for attaining the proper behaviour of the Grid Inverter when the 3-phase utility grid is disturbed by voltage unbalances, frequency variations and harmonic distortions, according to power quality standards.In order to obtain a high efficiency of the system during perturbations, a Proportional Resonant controller with a Harmonic Compensator structure is designed for the control algorithm, whereas a Dual Second Order Generalized Integrator Frequency-Locked Loop (DSOGI-FLL) is used as the synchronization algorithm.In order to validate both the control and the synchronization algorithms, some simulations using MATLAB/SIMULINK from The MathWorks, Inc. are shown firstly, and secondly, some real-time digital simulations are carried out.

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This article deals with the vector control in dq axes of a three-phase grid-connected photovoltaic system with single-stage topology and low-voltage-ride-through capability. The photovoltaic generator is built using an array of several series-parallel Suntech PV modules and is modeled as a Lookup Table (two-dimensional; 2-D). The requirements adopted when grid voltage sags occur are based in both the IEC 61400-21 European normative and the allowed amount of reactive power to be delivered according to the Spanish grid code, which avoids the disconnection of the inverter under grid faults by a limitation in the magnitude of the three-phase output inverter currents. For this, the calculation of the positive- and negative-sequences of the grid voltages is made and a conventional three-phase Phase-Locked Loop is used for the inverter-grid synchronization, allowing the control of the active and reactive powers solely with the dq components of the inverter currents. A detailed enhanced flowchart of the control algorithm with low-voltage-ride-through capability is presented and several simulations and experiments using Matlab/SIMULINK and the Controller Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation technique, respectively, are run for several types of one- and three-phase voltage sags in order to validate its behavior.

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