Aim:The study was carried out with an idea to ascertain involvement of trace minerals in failure of conception in Knakrej cow. Materials and Methods:The animals under study were comprised of 10 normal (Group-I) and 20 repeat breeder (Group-II) Kankrej cows. Blood and estrual mucus of each repeat breeding and normally cycling cows were collected aseptically before breeding. The cervical mucus was diluted with triple glass distilled water at the rate of 1: 3 using vertex machine. Serum and diluted mucus was used for the trace minerals estimation. Results:The values observed for copper, iron, zinc and manganese in blood serum of normal and repeat breeding animals was 2.27 ± 0.05 vs 0.87 ± 0.02, 1.41 ± 0.02 vs 0.65 ± 0.01, 1.94 ± 0.01 vs 1.78 ± 0.02 and 0.43 ± 0.02 vs 0.18 ± 0.01 ppm, respectively and in estrual mucus it was 1.37 ± 0.10 vs 0.44 ± 0.06, 0.74 ± 0.07 vs 0.33 ± 0.05, 1.47 ± 0.10 vs 0.82 ± 0.06 and 0.29 ± 0.04 vs 0.23 ± 0.03 ppm, respectively. All the values in blood serum and estrual mucus were significantly (p<0.01) higher in normal than repeat breeder cows except manganese in estrual mucus, which was non significantly higher in normal as compared to repeat breeder Kankrej cows. Conclusion:All trace minerals was higher in blood serum of Group I animals as compared to Group II. In estrual mucus except manganese, all trace minerals was higher in normal cows than repeat breeder.

Aim : The study was undertaken to find out the estrus induction and fertility response in delayed pubertal Kankrej heifers treated with norgestomet ear implant. Materials and methods: Total eighteen anoestrus Kankrej heifers of delayed puberty weighed above 250 kg and attained between 30 to 36 months of age were selected and divided in to three groups of six animals each at random to conduct the experiment. Animals in group 1 were implanted Crestar ear implant for 9 days. In addition to this, group 2 received 500 IU of PMSG on the day of implant removal. In group 3, treatment protocol remained same as in group 2, but Inj. Receptal @ 2 ml was given additionally at the time of breeding. Results: All the animals exhibited estrus with average duration of 25.41+ 0.94, 21.95+ 0.20 and 22.68 + 1.46 hours between implant withdrawal and estrus induction in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The duration of estrus was significantly (P<0.05) longer (25.61+ 2.95 hours) in group 2, followed by group 1 (18.88 + 1.45 hours) and group 3 (13.48 + 1.92 hours). The pregnancy rate at induced estrus was 33.33 percent in group 2. In group 1 and group 3 none of the heifers found pregnant at induced estrus. The overall conception rate was maximum in group 2 (66.67 percent) followed by group 3 (50 percent) and rd group 1 (33.33 percent) after the 3 service. Conclusion: Although the conception rate at induced estrus was lower, norgestomet ear implant could be utilized to induced estrus in delayed pubertal cow heifers.

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This investigation was aimed to study the influence of buck and PGF2α treatment on estrus synchronization in Surti does. Apparently healthy non-pregnant Surti does (n=18) were identified from the flock by Ultrasonography. They were evenly divided into 3 groups, 6 does in each group. The does of Treatment T1 group were teased with a sexually-active-apronized buck; the does of Treatment T2 group were treated with PGF2α, i.e., Inj. Lutalyse® @ 7.5 mg/doe IM twice, i.e. on day 0th and 11th, while the does of Control group T3 were kept without any treatment. The behavioural estrus was successfully synchronized by double injection of PGF2α at 11 days apart, as well as by buck effect in T2 and T1 groups, respectively. The induction of estrus was observed cent per cent in all the groups within one month. The mean time intervals between start of treatment and onset of estrus differed significantly between T1 (5.83±2.20 d) and T3 (14.67±2.76 d) groups. However, the mean duration of estrus was 29.83±0.91, 27.50±1.23 and 28.67±1.28 hrs and the mean number of services per conception was found 1.33±0.33, 1.50±0.50 and 1.33±0.33 for T1, T2 and T3 groups of Surti does, respectively, none differ significantly (p>0.05) between the groups. There was no significant difference in conception rates at first service amongst the groups (83.33%). The 17 does among 18 does (94.44 %) from all the three groups conceived within three services, irrespective of treatment groups. It was found that the buck effect appeared to be as effective as conventional PGF2α treatment in Surti does for synchronization of estrus

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The present research work was carried out on four Surti bucks maintained under All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on Goat at Livestock Research Station, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari during December 2019 to March 2020 with the objective to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation in tris egg yolk citrate extender on plasma membrane functional integrity in Surti buck semen preserved at refrigeration temperature. The pooled semen from all four bucks was diluted with the tris egg yolk citrate extender to make a final concentration of 200 x 10 6 sperm/mL. The diluted semen was divided into five equal aliquots and each aliquot was treated with 0 mM (Control), 1 mM (T1), 2 mM (T2), 3 mM (T3) and 4 mM (T4) of vitamin E and preserved at refrigeration temperature (4-5ºC) up to 48 hours to access the plasma membrane functional integrity at 0, 24, 36, and 48 hours. The significantly (p<0.01) highest percentage of hypo osmotic swelling (HOS) reacted and lowest percentage of HOS non-reacted sperm count (%) irrespective of preservation time was found in T3 (73.63±0.6 and 26.38±0.6) followed by control (68.47±0.9 and 31.53±0.9), T1 (67.89±0.85 and 32.11±0.85), T4 (66.53±0.67 and 33.47±0.67) and T2 (63.97±0.93 and 36.03±0.93) groups. It can be concluded from the present study that plasma plasma membrane integrity of Surti buck semen was well maintained at refrigerated temperature up to 48 hours when extended with 3 mM of vitamin E.