Purpose: In this study we examined the ability of selenium and vitamin E to prevent sepsis-induced changes in lung tissue. Methods: Fifty rats were divided into five groups: Group 1: Control group; Group 2: Sepsis group. In this group only cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) was performed. Group 3: Selenium group. An intraperitoneal dose of 100 µg selenium was given for the first two days followed by a daily dose of 40 µg for the next five days. CLP was performed the following day. Group 4: Selenium and vitamin E group. In addition to selenium, vitamin E was given intramuscularly in a dose of 250 mg/kg/day for seven days. CLP was performed the following day. Group 5: Vitamin E group. Vitamin E was given intramuscularly in a dose of 250 mg/kg/day for seven days. CLP was performed the following day. Results: There were significant differences between Group 2 and all other groups in terms of blood gas values (pH, pCO2, SaO2), and leukocyte, C-reactive protein (CRP) and glutathione peroxidase levels (p < 0.005). There was no statistically significant difference between groups 3, 4 and 5 in terms of histopathological changes in lung tissue (p > 0.05), but all groups were significantly different compared with Group 2 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Sepsis-induced lung tissue damage can be reduced or prevented by pre-treatment with of selenium and/or vitamin E in a rat model.

Background: It has been suggested that physical activity is an important factor in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Low serum paraoxononase-1 (PON1) activity is with an associated risk of atherosclerotic disease. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate serum PON1 activity and lipid hydroperoxide (LOOH) levels in adult football players after three days football tournament. Methods: Twenty-three adult male football players and 23 sedentary male subjects after three days football tournament were enrolled. Serum paraoxonase, arylesterase activities and LOOH levels were determined. Results: Serum paraoxonase and arylesterase activities were signiûcantly higher in football players than sedentary subjects (all, p<0.05), while LOOH levels were significantly lower (p< 0.05). Serum LOOH levels were inversely correlated with paraoxonase and arylesterase activities (r=-0.552, p<0.001; r=-0.812, p<0.001; respectively) in adult football players. Conclusion: Our data show, for the first time, that physical activity is associated with increased PON1 activity and decreased oxidative stress after three days football tournament. In addition, physical activity for a healthy life is important in increasing serum PON1 activity, and this may play a role in the prevention of atherosclerosis.

Abstract. In this study, it was aimed to investigate obesity awareness stage of 8th class students in secondary school who entered TEOG examination organized by Ministry of National Education in terms of different variables. The research was carried out with 268 male and 232 female students. Moreover, "Obesity Awareness Scale" developed by Allen (2011) and "and Turkish validity and reliability of which was performed by Kafkas&Özen (2014) as well as Personal Information Form" were used. In the analysis of the research data, Student t-test, one-way variance analysis, SPSS software program were used as well as descriptive statistics. A statistically significance was observed between the students and their parents' habit of doing sports with total grades taken from the scale, obesity awareness and nutrition dimensions (p<0.05). A significant difference in favour of female students was determined between body mass index and gender in terms of statistics (p<0.01). It was concluded that 268 male and 232 female students participated in this research had obesity awareness.

These results indicate that physical activity is associated with increased antioxidant capacity and decreased oxidative stress. Such conditions are important for a healthy life. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying this association.

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