Obesity is associated with psychological distress, poor sleep quality, and reduced quality of life. Thus, obesity should be evaluated in a biopsychosocial manner, including management of patients' psychopathology.
Our study showed a relationship between serum amino acid levels and the scores of aggression and psychopathy. We think that this is a productive research area for understanding the relationship among biochemical factors, aggression and psychopathy.
Anticholinergic agents are muscarinic receptor antagonists that suppress the activity of the acetylcholine system in the brain. Some of these agents also increase the concentration of dopamine in the synaptic cleft, which may result in psychotic symptoms. Oxybutynin is an antimuscarinic drug that may have adverse effects on the CNS, including memory impairment, confusion, delirium and hallucinations in elderly patients. To date, several case reports have been published about the association between oxybutynin and psychotic symptoms in elderly subjects, but we were unable to find any case reports describing oxybutynin-induced psychotic disorders in young people. Here we report on two patients, a 7-year-old boy and a 21-year-old man, who developed a brief psychotic disorder that may have been caused by oxybutynin. The first patient was kept under observation with vital functions supported but no medication. All his psychotic symptoms regressed and his general condition improved. The second patient was treated with olanzapine 10 mg/day. His psychotic symptoms resolved within 3 weeks. Our two case reports provide evidence that oxybutynin may induce psychotic disorders, and in younger patients.
Endocrine and reproductive side effects of serotonergic antidepressants are uncommon and galactorrhea is only rarely mentioned among SSRI-related side effects. Perhaps through suppression of dopamine neurotransmission releasing prolactin from tonic inhibitor control of dopamine, serotonin-enhancing antidepressants may result in a rise in prolactin levels. However, we here describe a case of euprolactinemic galactorrhea induced by the SSRI escitalopram and discuss potential mechanisms of action.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.