Possible relationship between amino acids, aggression and psychopathy

Abstract

Our study showed a relationship between serum amino acid levels and the scores of aggression and psychopathy. We think that this is a productive research area for understanding the relationship among biochemical factors, aggression and psychopathy.

Urinary Amine and Organic Acid Metabolites Evaluated as Markers for Childhood Aggression: The ACTION Biomarker Study

“…Our results are consistent with results obtained for other psychiatric disorders, so have lower serum L-arginine levels been associated with antisocial personality disorder (APD) and schizophrenia (50,51).…”

“…We found L-aspartic acid, which is involved in gluconeogenesis to differ significantly between twins scoring high on aggression as compared to their low scoring co-twins in the withinfamily replication analyses. While we reported lower urinary Laspartic acid levels in twins with high aggression, a previous study reported increased serum levels in patients with APD (50). Congruent with our findings, lower plasma levels of Laspartic acid were reported in MDD patients as compared to controls (56).…”

“…While SAMe was not measured in the current study, methionine sulfoxide was included in the top 25% most strongly associated biomarkers. Methionine sulfoxide is obtained by oxidation of the sulfur in methionine and high serum methionine levels have been associated with anger and indirect aggression in APD patients (50). In contrast, lower plasma methionine levels have been reported in MDD patients as compared to controls (40,56).…”

Ketone body 3-hydroxybutyrate: a biomarker of aggression?

“…Associations between lipid concentrations and aggression have previously been noted [4,[10][11][12][13], while other low-molecular-weight molecules might hold more promise for novel findings. Amino acids and ketone bodies (low-molecularweight molecules categorized in NMR) have been associated with emotional and behavioral problems other than aggression [14][15][16][17], and some studies have shown amino acids and similar molecules associated with anger and psychopathy [18], schizophrenia-related violence [13], and childhood aggression [19]. Accordingly, these areas offered a reasonable place to focus our exploratory investigation.…”

Biological basis of aggressive behavior

“…Глутамат (глутаминовая кислота) является основным возбуждающим нейротрансмиттером в головном мозге. Глутамат сыворотки превращается в гамма-аминомасляную кислоту (ГАМК) после прохождения гематоэнцефалического барьера, в результате чего высокий уровень глутамата в сыворотке может повышать концентрацию ГАМК в ЦНС [25]. При этом нейромедиаторная функция глутаматергической системы в большой мере определяется взаимодействием глутамата с глутаматными рецепторами (GluR), которые широко представлены в различных структурах мозга и подразделяются на метаботропные (mGluR) и ионотропные (iGluR) [26].…”