Microbe is a microscopic living organism which is closely linked to human life. One of pathogenic microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureu,. may cause diseases. Sulfure of several plants are bioactive as antimicrobial. The properties of sulfure in Allium cepa L leads to an assumption that it has antimicrobial properties. Therefore, this study involved the antimicrobial test. The determination steps of antimicrobial Allium cepa L extract consisted of the Allium cepa L extract preparation, microbial regeneration and antimicrobial test. The antibacterial determination were performed by paper disc method. Based on the research data, determination of antimicrobial Allium cepa L extract resulted in inhibition zone area showed that the extract owned antimicrobial property.
Masih banyak minyak VCO yang dijual di pasaran memiliki kualitas rendah. Hal ini dikarenakan belum adanya standarisasi untuk menentukan standar kualitas minyak VCO. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan tahap pra-standarisasi terhadap proses produksi dan analisis minyak VCO. Pra-standarisasi terutama dilakukan pada metode isolasi minyak VCO, analisis kualitas fisik meliputi uji organoleptik dan berat jenis, analisis standar khasiat yang berkaitan dengan komposisi asam-asam lemak esensial dan analisis standar keawetan yang meliputi kadar air, kadar nitrogen, uji peroksida dan kadar asam-asam lemak bebas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode isolasi pemancingan mampu menghasilkan minyak VCO sebanyak 0,150 liter/kg kelapa, warna jernih, rasa gurih kelapa-enak dan bau wangi-kelapa, berat jenis 0,924 g/mL, kadar air 0%, nitrogen 0%, uji peroksida positip (+), asam lemak bebas 0,002%. Komposisi asam-asam lemak yaitu asam laurat 39,69%; miristat 24,12%; palmitat 11,17%; kaprat 7,27%; oktanoat/kaprilat 6,94%; oleat 6,48%; stearat 3,03%; linoleat 0,79% dan kaproat 0,52%. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa minyak VCO yang diperoleh sudah memenuhi standar kualitas Asian and Pacific Coconut Community (APCC) kecuali kadar asam laurat masih di bawah standar.Kata kunci: minyak VCO, pra-standarisasi, metode pemancingan VCO, komposisi asam lemak, asam laurat.
Extraction of magnesium and sulfate from MgSO4–KCl–H2O solution system of 0.1 M salt concentration has been conducted. The 3–compartment electrolytic cell model was designed to fulfill the purpose. The cell is constructed from aquarium plastic box of 417 mL capacity divided into three compartments. Each compartment is separated by fixed plastic wall. One of the compartment with no electrode (mid compartment) was connected either to anodic (left) and cathodic (right) compartment using double filter paper strip of 2 x 6 (in cm) dimension. Electrolysis was performed in atmospheric environment under the 6 volt external electric potential using 7A Montana power supply. Experimental results show that electrolysis systems provide good separation of magnesium and sulfate from solution. Magnesium in the form of Mg(OH)2 and sulfate as H2SO4 has been obtained in about 92 % yield. Clear solution in the mid compartment show the absence of salt residues; both of cationic and anionic species migrate totally toward cathodic and anodic compartment respectively.
This research aimed to enhance the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from silver nitrate (AgNO3) using aloe vera extract. It was performed by means of incorporating AgNPs on an activated carbon nanoparticle (ACNPs) under ultrasonic agitation (40 kHz, 2 × 50 watt) for 30 min in an aqueous colloidal medium. The successful AgNPs synthesis was clarified with both Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometers. The successful AgNPs–ACNPs incorporation and its particle size analysis was performed using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The brown color suspension generation and UV-Vis’s spectra maximum wavelength at around 480 nm confirmed the existence of AgNPs. The particle sizes of the produced AgNPs were about 5 to 10 nm in the majority number, which collectively surrounded the aloe vera extract secondary metabolites formed core-shell like nanostructure of 8.20 ± 2.05 nm in average size, while ACNPs themselves were about 20.10 ± 1.52 nm in average size formed particles cluster, and 48.00 ± 8.37 nm in average size as stacking of other particles. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized AgNPs and AgNPs-immobilized ACNPs was 57.58% and 63.64%, respectively (for E. coli); 61.25%, and 93.49%, respectively (for S. aureus). In addition, when the AgNPs-immobilized ACNPs material was coated on the cotton and polyester fabrics, the antibacterial activity of the materials changed, becoming 19.23% (cotton; E. coli), 31.73% (polyester; E. coli), 13.36% (cotton; S. aureus), 21.15% (polyester; S. aureus).
Five lipase genes (lipab4, lipab8, lipab15, lipag18, and lipab18) have been isolated from Halomonas and Chromohalobacter local strains of Bledug Kuwu isolates. Based on amino acid sequence analysis, the genes showed some unique motif of amino acid sequences. All of lipases were classified as a member of family IV (HSL=hormone-sensitive lipase). These lipases show high similarities of conserved regions with lipolytic of Halomonas and formed a distinct cluster with other types of HSL, such as esterase/ lipase and carboxylesterase. All of lipases contain more negative charged of amino acid residues compared to the mesophilic and thermophilic ones, and tend to have similarity to lipases of moderate halophilics. The result of homology and phylogenetic analysis showed that these lipases were clustered into three groups. Group I (lipab8, lipab18 and lipag18) closed to lipolytic gene of Halomonas elongata DSM 2581, while groups II (lipab4) and III (lipab15) created new branches in the phylogenetic tree. In addition, analysis of GC, GC-AT and GC-AT content on the codon usage of the genes revealed the unique profile compared to that the other lipase genes.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.