Purpose: The American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Effective Data Scheme contains suggestions for physicians who evaluate thyroid nodule sonographic exams. The goal of our current research is to evaluate ACR TI-RADS approach to 2 additional well-established standards. Methods: Considering 3500 thyroid nodules with pathological findings, ACR TI-RADS, Korean Academy of Thyroid Radiology also Data System, and American Thyroid Connotation standards remained examined. The substance, echogenicity, boundaries, hyperechoic foci, and size of lesions remained reviewed to determine if fine-needle evacuation before follow-up sonography would indeed be recommended whenever approach remained employed. For any and altogether nodules and nodules 1 cm or bigger, the biopsy return of aggressive results, the output of check-ups, in addition percentage of malevolent or benign nodules that could have been biopsied have been calculated. Results: According to ACR TI-RADS, KSThR TIRADS, in addition ATA criteria, part of nodules that could not have been diagnosed was 1%, 4.8 basis points, and 15.8 basis points, correspondingly. For nodules examined using ACR TI-RADS, KSThR TIRADS, in addition to ATA standards, biopsy product of malignancies remained 15.3 percent, 11.3 percent, and 12.1 percent, accordingly. The proportion of malignant nodules which were biopsied was 69.3 percent for the ACR TI-RADS, 76.5 percent for KSThR TIRADS, and 76.8 percent for the ATA recommendations, however, but percentage of benign tumors that will remain biopsied or investigated stayed 87.3 percent for ACR TI-RADS. For ACR TI-RADS, KSThR TIRADS, in addition to ATA standards, proportion of benign nodules that could have been biopsied remained 48.3 percent, 77.8 basis points, and 79.2 percent, accordingly. For ACR TI-RADS, percent of kind nodules that could also remain biopsied or tracked remained 67.3 percent. Conclusion: Whenever opposed to other well-established recommendations, the ACR TI-RADS succeeds well. Keywords: American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, thyroid nodule sonographic
Objective: Our research aims to compare the diagnostic efficacy of transvaginal and transabdominal ultrasonography for detecting adnexal masses. Study Design: A Comparative study Place and Duration: Conducted at Central Park Medical College, Lahore, during from the period August 2021 to January 2022. Methods: This study included 84 women. Once written consent has been obtained, we involve consideration such as aging, gender, menstrual abnormalities (Oligomenorrhea / Menstrual periods), infertility, recurrent multiple miscarriages, series of acts, acne vulgaris, and obesity. The ultrasound data included the location, size, borders, hypoechoic and dilatation of ovary lesions. Group M had 42 patients and underwent for transvaginal ultrasound, whereas group N had transabdominal ultrasound with MRI. Using histological results (positive/negative), frequency of adnexal mass among all cases were compared. SPSS 20.0 analyzed all data. Results: In group M mean parity was 3.5±2.13 and in group N parity was 2.9±4.13. Most common complaint among all cases was infertility and irregular cycle. We found that frequency of adnexal mass in group M was lower than that of group N. It was determined that the specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of transvaginal sonography were all lower than those of transabdominal sonography. Conclusion: In this study, we came to the conclusion that abdominal ultrasonography combined with MRI was superior in terms of its usefulness and efficacy in identifying adnexal masses with genuine levels of both specificity and sensitivity. Keywords: Accuracy, Transvaginal ultrasonography,Transabdominal ultrasonography, Adnexal Masses, Complications,
Objective: Using histology as the gold standard, this study aims to determine whether or not magnetic resonance spectroscopy can reliably diagnose malignant breast lesions. Study Design: Cross-sectional Place and Duration: Conducted at department of Radiology Central Park Medical College, Lahore. Duration was 6 months from October 2021 to March 2022. Methods: This research included 75 females. Malignancy-suspicious palpable lesions were included. Patients completed a consent form admitting the hazards before any data was gathered. The kinematics and morphology of dynamically enhanced magnetic resonance (MRS) images were studied. MRS's choline peak (Cho) was utilized to detect cancer. Single-voxel technique was employed to evaluate MRS' diagnostic accuracy in cancer. MRS and biopsies were compared. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0. Results: Malignant lesions were found in 65 (86.7%) of the patients by MRS, and in 58 (77.3%) of the cases according to the histological findings. Malignant lesions by MRS most frequently showed a ductal enhancement or a peripheral enhancement morphology. The results of MRS showed a 78% specificity, 85% accuracy, 90% sensitivity, 75% NPV, and 91% PPV. Conclusion: MRS must be employed because of its better specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy in characterizing breast lumps. MRS is a specific, sensitive, and effective diagnostic technique for breast cancer. Keywords: Accuracy, Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), Malignant breast lesion, Histopathology,
Objective: To radiologically examine the impact of bad air quality on the x-ray findings of patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in Lahore. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the outpatient department of CPTH, Lahore, from 1st of Oct. to 1st of Dec. 2021. A total of 40 patients from age groups between 21 – 60 years and from both genders, who presented with respiratory symptoms, were included in the study for their x-ray findings. As this was a radiological study, there was only one clinical parameter taken into consideration and that was x-ray chest. The patients enrolled in the study were divided into 4 groups, based on the severity of symptoms and findings on x-rays. Only non-smokers were included in the study. Results: Out of 40 patients, 18 showed no changes on x-ray chest, 12 showed minor appearance of unilateral peri bronchiolar shadows, 6 showed a more prominent appearance of peribronchiolar shadows bilaterally whereas 4 showed bilateral signs of lung fibrosis. Conclusion: Exposure to smog filled air can be linked to accelerated development of lung damage, even among people who have never smoked.
Objective: To depict and characterize CT patterns of omental pathology and to determine the validity of omental caking in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care center between January 2020 to February 2021. In this study, 64 consecutive female patients with omental pathology, scheduled for biopsy, surgery and follow up were included. All CT scans were reviewed and findings were discussed with the consultant radiologists. The results were compared and confirmed on histopathology by either open surgical biopsy or per-cutaneous needle biopsy. Result: A total of 64 patients were enrolled in the study. Omental caking on computed tomography was identified in 44 (68.8%) patients. Presence of Omental caking was significantly associated with ovarian cancer (p<0.001). The positive and negative predictive values were 86.4% and 75%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of omental caking as diagnostic criteria for ovarian cancer were 88.4% and 71.4%. Conclusion: CT scan is the modality of choice to detect omental pathology. In addition it depicts all other related or unrelated abnormalities as well as causative factors like ovarian carcinoma. Keywords: Omental Caking, Ovarian Carcinoma, Multi Detector Computed Tomography, Patterns, Tuberculosis.
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