English is considered as fascinating and laureates' language in Pakistan. It has also become a status symbol in our society. Pakistani learners are facing difficulty while studying English because they are not taught English as a skill rather as a subject. For the benefits of students, language teachers had a thrust to invent new methods to satisfy their students' needs. The current study was designed to explore the utility of combination of grammar translation method and direct method for teaching English at intermediate level. The next objective was to investigate the impact of teaching methods on the effectiveness of teachers separately. All the intermediate level teachers from district Bahawalpur were the population of the study. Four hundred teachers were selected randomly from eighty colleges with equal participation of males and females. A selfconstructed instrument Teaching Methods Survey (TMS) was used. Data were analyzed with the help of SPSS version 22. The results revealed that there exists a significant difference between male and female teachers' effectiveness. The mean score shows that female teachers had improved effectiveness as compared with male teachers. There exists non-significant difference between DM and GTM. A nonsignificant difference was found between male and female teachers. The analysis revealed a significant difference between male and female teachers. The mean score shows that female teachers had better effectiveness as compared with male teachers. It is recommended that there should be use of both teaching methods in the context of Pakistan. No single method is successful.

The present research focuses on comparative study of the Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and the General Certificate of Education-Ordinary level (GCE-O level) English language course to trace out the problems and shortcomings of the curriculum objectives and teaching methods. The objectives of the study were to analyze the objectives of teaching English of SSC and GCE O-level to critically review the teaching methodologies of both the courses. The population of the study comprised of all the teachers and the students of SSC and GCE-O level of Bahawalpur region. The sample included the teachers and the students of 10 th class & GCE (O level) only. A test was designed about Essay writing, Story writing & Comprehension skills. An observation sheet was also designed with the four-points rating scale for the teachers and the students as well. The researchers concluded that the teachers teaching O-level students followed studentcentered and language-centered approaches which catered the interests and needs of the students. They ensured participation of the students in the learning process whereas in SSC, the teachers used to follow teacher-centered approach. The Grammar Translation Methods (GTM) was used to teach English language at SSC level students while the Direct and Activity-based methods were used to teach O-level students. The main recommendations were that the SSC curriculum needs to be revised and modified according to the students" needs. The English language teachers at SSC level may also motivate the students to use authentic materials, pair work and group work in the classroom. The public schools may be equipped with libraries, language labs and audio-visual materials such as tape recorder, video-player, overhead projector, multi-media and such facilities may be properly used for improving the teaching learning process.

English is being used all over the world as an international language. It has become a Lingua Franca and a language of greater opportunities. It also enjoys a supreme status in society. Its sound knowledge is a successful passport for any job. For learning any language, both the oral and written skills are of equal importance. In fact, learning a second language is never easy. Learners have to wrestle with new vocabulary, rules of grammar, pronunciation and more. In learning a second language, vocabulary is the most paramount part. It is the soul and essence of a language. It is also first and leading stair in a language acquisition. Its knowledge plays an important role in almost all areas of language. So, the whole process of learning a language depends on learning its vocabulary. The current study evaluates the ways to improve vocabulary through affixes at secondary level. It was an experimental type of research. Three hundred and sixty students (180 males and 180 females) from two Govt. High schools in district Bahawalpur participated in this study. Experimental research with pretest posttest design was used. The data were collected through tests. The findings of the study revealed a significant improvement in vocabulary using affixes. It is recommended that quizzes, exercises and tests for affixes should be used to enhance the vocabulary among students. The conclusion with suggestions was also summed up at the end of the study.

English has won the status of International language. The quality of our expression depends on our use of speaking skills. The importance and value of speaking English have been accepted worldwide. In Pakistan, Teaching English was mainly focused upon reading and writing skills. But in today’s world, listening and speaking skills have become much more important than in the past. Recently, the value of role-play in the classroom situation has become mandatory to make the teaching-learning process easy, attractive, and interesting. The implementation of role-play was expected to be an effective way to improve the learners’ speaking skills. So in the present study, the focus is on this matter whether the use of role play can be beneficial in bringing a positive change in the teaching-learning process of speaking skills for elementary level learners. The collective problems of the teachers and students during speaking English were the main focus of the study. 360 students and twenty teachers of Bahawalpur region participated in this study. Pre-test, post-test, and questionnaire were used as a tool to collect the data from the respondents. The findings of the study showed that there was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test results. It was suggested that speech practice with the help of role play should be encouraged at the elementary level.

The wide spectrum of English language compels readers to find out the exact crux of the language itself. English has won the status of international language. It has become a dire need of this age. The English language is comparatively difficult due to its pronunciation, sentence structure and vocabulary level from local languages in Pakistan. Vocabulary is the utmost aspect of learning a second language. It is the essence and soul of language. The language process depends on learning vocabulary. So the current paper investigates the impact of vocabulary learning strategies for the ESL learners in Pakistan. It was an experimental type of research. One hundred students of Grade-9 in the academic year 2019-20 participated in this study. The data was collected through test and questionnaire. The study results revealed that the students who were taught by the ESL learning techniques (semantic mapping, imaging and pics, visual and auditory, group association and word contact) performed better as compared with the students in the traditional vocabulary learning method. Female students performed better in the experimental group. ESL male learners used group association learning technique at priority, and ESL female learners used visual and auditory learning at their priority. The researchers recommend that English language teachers should use vocabulary learning strategies for teaching English to ESL learners.

Short stories are becoming very popular around the globe. Learning vocabulary, a crucial component of learning a foreign language, is at the heart of teaching a language and is important for language learners. The researchers believe that vocabulary plays a crucial part in learning any language. Therefore, it is crucial to look at the best strategies for enhancing vocabulary learning. With the aim of effectively utilizing short stories to improve vocabulary at the primary level, the current study was created to raise awareness among elementary-level teachers about how they might develop the English vocabulary of their students. The study was experimental with a pretest-posttest design. Sixty students were randomly selected from an elementary school in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Twenty-five close-ended questions (MCQs) type questions for pre-test and post-test and the English reading assessment survey (ERAS) questionnaire were used to collect data, and the data were analyzed by using SPSS. The results show that most students spoke about three things: the value of short stories in vocabulary learning, their interest in reading short stories, and their approval of using short stories. The study implies that primary school English teachers should use short stories to increase their students' vocabulary.

A foreign language teacher often employs realia to strengthen pupils' association between words and objects. The current study investigates real-life activities that improve vocabulary learning in the English language and the impact of realia on improving students' vocabulary learning performance. It was an experimental study with only post-test design. Forty students participated in the study. The data were collected and analyzed statistically. The results revealed that vital activities used for vocabulary development were menu selection, game recognition, picture identification, activity identification, magazine adds understanding, and identification of cities and map reading, respectively. It was evident that the experimental group performed better when compared with the control group. The study suggested that students may focus their attention, stimulate their interest, give them real impact, make them aware, and modernize their language learning through vocabulary improvement.

The current paper is an expansion and comparative study of women perturbs representation via the text of two novels by two different women authors during the recent feminist movement. Angela Carter"s and Margaret Atwood"s novels background and text represented within its social, cultural and historical context during second wave of feminism, as it probed. It scrutinizes how this hand-picked pair of woman authors conducted feminism with woman identity in their novels and woman authors" maneuvers their skills thematic exertion strives to help contemporary world to interpret the women oppression physically and mentally under the philosophy of Simone De Bevoir. The crux of the study was that whether they remained eminent and noteworthy in portraying woman oppression in contemporary society or they were on the same bank of the river during their depiction of the sexes. The pivot of this research is through the ideology of Simone de Beauvoir, "One is not born, but rather becomes a Woman". Why and in what way women are oppressed in a patriarchal society. Both men and women should enjoy their status as human beings and must abide by their duties. Women should be judged on the basis of humanity rather than womanhood.