English is being used all over the world as an international language. It has become a Lingua Franca and a language of greater opportunities. It also enjoys a supreme status in society. Its sound knowledge is a successful passport for any job. For learning any language, both the oral and written skills are of equal importance. In fact, learning a second language is never easy. Learners have to wrestle with new vocabulary, rules of grammar, pronunciation and more. In learning a second language, vocabulary is the most paramount part. It is the soul and essence of a language. It is also first and leading stair in a language acquisition. Its knowledge plays an important role in almost all areas of language. So, the whole process of learning a language depends on learning its vocabulary. The current study evaluates the ways to improve vocabulary through affixes at secondary level. It was an experimental type of research. Three hundred and sixty students (180 males and 180 females) from two Govt. High schools in district Bahawalpur participated in this study. Experimental research with pretest posttest design was used. The data were collected through tests. The findings of the study revealed a significant improvement in vocabulary using affixes. It is recommended that quizzes, exercises and tests for affixes should be used to enhance the vocabulary among students. The conclusion with suggestions was also summed up at the end of the study.
English is being used all over the world as an international language. It is a Lingua Franca that enjoys a supreme status in society. Learners have to wrestle with new vocabulary, rules of grammar, pronunciation, and more. So, the current study explores the students’ motivation and the perceptions of English teachers about positive reinforcement in an English language classroom. Motivation and attitudes in learning a language in the classroom are very important and may make language courses more stimulating. The study contained a quantitative paradigm of control and experimental group as the research design. One hundred students and thirty teachers were selected using a simple random sampling technique. The data were collected using a close-ended self-developed questionnaire of 30 items with five main indicators subdivided into six indicators. The collected data was analysed in SPSS. The results demonstrated that Pakistani students were motivated in learning the English language and have shown a positive attitude towards using reinforcement in the classrooms. The study also spotlighted that if the motivation is used efficiently in the classroom, it will be a high-ranking tool for language learning. The recommendations and findings of this study should be taken into careful consideration, and steps should be taken to implement them in Pakistani English language classrooms.
English has won the status of International language. Due to its pivotal status, many nations are adopting it as their second language. Efforts have been made to boost up the standard of English Language teaching and learning in Pakistan. Authentic materials are good tools for developing comprehension skills. The current paper analyzes the utility and effects of authentic materials for developing comprehension skills among the students of intermediate level. Foci of the research remained towards the common problems of the students and the teachers while using authentic materials. It was an experimental type research that explored the impact of authentic materials on comprehension skills. Fifty students of intermediate level participated in the study. Pre-test, post-test experimental design was used and students' result was collected. The findings of the study elicited the meaningful implications for the use of authentic materials and students performed significantly. The researchers' conclusion with suggestions and recommendations were summed up at the end of the study.
The association between mental health and religious orientation is most researched field of clinical psychology. Over the years, the researchers and practitioners try their bet to cope the remedies in human life. The current study is an intention to trace factors responsible for performance among university students and to find the correlation between mental health and religious orientation. It was a descriptive study with survey method. Three hundred scholars from different departments of University of Education Faisalabad campus were selected randomly. The questionnaire named, Religious Orientation and Mental Health Survey [ROMHS] was used. The Cronbach Alpha values of intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations were .861 and .845 respectively as well as mental health .863. The findings revealed significant and strong relationship among intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientations and mental health. Male students had higher extrinsic religious orientations and mental health than females. It was found that about 81% of academic achievement score of university students was influenced by religious orientation and mental health. It was and clinical aspects
The concept of graphic organizers fosters better student achievement with traditional teaching method. Survey research was used to gather quantitative data from population. The population of this study was elementary school teachers in Lahore. The sample consisted of 75 teachers. It is concluded that graphic organizers are an effective strategy for enhancing various skills in students’ performance in the class. As both male and female teachers have same opinion about graphic organizers in classrooms for the betterment of students. The traditional teaching style is an activity-based style, which will eventually improve the Education system of Pakistan as a whole because education is thought to be a backbone of a country. The delivery of the lesson by the use of graphic organizers seemed to promote more student success than the use of the lecture method and should be promoted in classroom activities
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