Suicide by self-poisoning is a common cause of death, especially in the younger population. More specifically, hair-dye poisoning is being increasingly used for suicide. Paraphenylenediamine (PPD), also known as "Kala pathar", is a highly toxic ingredient present in hair-dye that can cause death. Therefore, this study is designed to assess the demographics, clinical features, laboratory findings, and outcomes of PPD poisoning in patients admitted to the National Poison Control Center in Karachi, Pakistan.
Materials and methodsWe conducted a prospective study for a period of six months at the National Poison Control Center, Karachi, Pakistan. A total of eight patients with PPD poisoning with no cardiac, liver, or renal co-morbidities were included in this study. The demographic characteristics, clinical features, laboratory findings, mode of intoxication, and route of intoxication were noted in a proforma. Furthermore, hospitalization time, tracheostomy status, mechanical ventilation status, and mortality rates were also recorded. For continuous variables, the means and SDs were calculated. Whereas for categorical data, percentages were calculated.
HIV with only gender (p=0.01) and dyslipidemia (p=0.037).
ConclusionHIV infection in patients with stroke is not uncommon. Patients who are male, younger in age, have dyslipidemia, belong to a low socioeconomic class, or have a bad sexual history are more likely to have HIV as an underlying cause of stroke. The exact pathogenesis of such a stroke and the role of antiretroviral therapy in the prevention and treatment of this group of stroke are not completely understood and need further analysis.
Background Alcohol poisoning is a serious issue in both the developed and developing countries. Illicit alcohol is commonly called as moonshine or bootleg whereas in Pakistan it is ordinarily known as tharra, kuppi, desi sharab, or daroo. This alcohol is mainly prepared by fermenting the mash of sugar cane pulp in a clay pot up to near 100% alcohol, however, it may contain impurities and many toxic materials. The awareness and basic knowledge of methanol poisoning is quite scarce in our society due to the cultural aspects. The goal of our study is to identify the clinical factors associated with the alcohol poisoning along with the frequency of mortality. Methodology A cross sectional has been conducted on the patients who were admitted in the National Poison Control Centre, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. The patients who presented in a critical condition afterwards the alcohol consumption were included in the study from the year 2011 to 2015. Result The inclusion criteria conscripted a total of 188 patients in the study amongst which majority was observed during a single outbreak in the month of September 2011. The results of the study recorded mortality in 38.83% of the study group while 35.64% indicated survival with sequelae. On the other hand, 25.53% of the patients were discharged with recovery. Conclusion Morbidity in the cases of methanol poisoning tends to be crucial and high along with an eminent rate of mortality. Sequelae from methanol poisoning predominantly involves the visual disturbances including the blindness.
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