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Meeting the rising energy demand and limiting its environmental impact are the two intertwined issues faced in the 21st century. Governments in different countries have been engaged in developing regulations and related policies to encourage environment friendly renewable energy generation along with conservation strategies and technological innovations. It is important to develop sustainable energy policies and provide relevant and suitable policy recommendations for end-users. This study presents a review on sustainable energy policy for promotion of renewable energy by introducing the development history of energy policy in five countries, i.e., the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom, Denmark and China. A survey of the articles aimed at promoting the development of sustainable energy policies and their modelling is carried out. It is observed that energy-efficiency standard is one of the most popular strategy for building energy saving, which is dynamic and renewed based on the current available technologies. Feed-in-tariff has been widely applied to encourage the application of renewable energy, which is demonstrated successfully in different countries. Building energy performance certification schemes should be enhanced in terms of reliable database system and information transparency to pave the way for future net-zero energy building and smart cities.

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1This work describes the contribution of researchers around the world in the field of the organic 2Rankine cycle in the period 2000-2016. A bibliometric approach was applied to analyze the 3 scientific publications in the field using the Scopus Elsevier database, together with Science 4Citation Index Expanded. Different aspects of the publications were analyzed, such as 5 publication type, major research areas, journals, citations, authorship pattern, affiliations as 6 well as the keyword occurrence frequency. The impact factor, h-index and number of citations 7were used to investigate the strength of active countries, institutes, authors, and journals in the 8 organic Rankine cycle technology field. From 2000 to 2016, there were 2120 articles published 9 by 3443 authors from 997 research institutes scattered over 71 countries. The total number of 10 citations and impact factor are 36739 and 4597, respectively, corresponding to 17 citations per 11paper and an impact factor of 2.168 per publication. The research articles originate primarily 12 from China, the USA, and European countries. Results indicate that China, the United States, 13 Italy, Greece, Belgium, Spain, Germany and the United Kingdom are the leading countries in 14 organic Rankine cycle research and account for 64 % of the total number of publications. The 15 core research activities in the field are mainly focused on applications of the organic Rankine 16 cycle technology, working fluids selection/performance, cycle architecture, and 17 design/optimization. The most productive journal, author, institution, and country are Energy, 18 Ibrahim Dincer, Tianjin University China and China, respectively. 19 20

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Rapid depletion in fossil fuels, inflation in petroleum prices, and rising energy demand have forced towards alternative transport fuels. Among these alternative fuels, diesel-ethanol and diesel-biodiesel blends gain the most attention due to their quality characteristics and environmentally friendly nature. The viscosity and density of these biodiesel blends are slightly higher than diesel, which is a significant barrier to the commercialization of biodiesel. In this study, the density and viscosity of 30 different ternary biodiesel blends was investigated at 15 °С and 40 °С, respectively. Different density and viscosity models were developed and tested on biodiesel blends soured from different feedstock’s including palm, coconut, soybean, mustard, and calophyllum oils. The prognostic ability and precisions of these developed models was assessed statistically using Absolute Percentage Error (APE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The MAPE of 0.045% and 0.085% for density model and 1.85%, 1.41%, 3.48% and 2.27%, 1.85%, 3.50% for viscosity models were obtained on % volume and % mass basis. These developed correlations are useful for ternary biodiesel blends where alcohols are the part of biodiesel blends. The modeled values of densities and viscosities of ternary blends were significantly comparable with the measured densities and viscosities, which are feasible to avoid the harm of vehicles’ operability.