Recent research trends in organic Rankine cycle technology: A bibliometric approach

Abstract

1This work describes the contribution of researchers around the world in the field of the organic 2Rankine cycle in the period 2000-2016. A bibliometric approach was applied to analyze the 3 scientific publications in the field using the Scopus Elsevier database, together with Science 4Citation Index Expanded. Different aspects of the publications were analyzed, such as 5 publication type, major research areas, journals, citations, authorship pattern, affiliations as 6 well as the keyword occurrence frequency. The impact factor, h-index and number of citations 7were used to investigate the strength of active countries, institutes, authors, and journals in the 8 organic Rankine cycle technology field. From 2000 to 2016, there were 2120 articles published 9 by 3443 authors from 997 research institutes scattered over 71 countries. The total number of 10 citations and impact factor are 36739 and 4597, respectively, corresponding to 17 citations per 11paper and an impact factor of 2.168 per publication. The research articles originate primarily 12 from China, the USA, and European countries. Results indicate that China, the United States, 13 Italy, Greece, Belgium, Spain, Germany and the United Kingdom are the leading countries in 14 organic Rankine cycle research and account for 64 % of the total number of publications. The 15 core research activities in the field are mainly focused on applications of the organic Rankine 16 cycle technology, working fluids selection/performance, cycle architecture, and 17 design/optimization. The most productive journal, author, institution, and country are Energy, 18 Ibrahim Dincer, Tianjin University China and China, respectively. 19 20

Design and performance of a miniature free piston expander

“…If the working fluid injection pressure P i , temperature T i , time duration t 23 , and initial conditions ∆V (0), ∆P (0), and ∆T (0) are specified, Eqs. [1][2][3][4][5] constitute a nonlinear model for the determination of the intermediate thermodynamic state variables: ∆V (t), ∆P (t), and ∆T (t). As the injection process is periodic, it is assumed that the dependent variables ∆V (t), ∆P (t), and ∆T (t) will also be periodic at steady state.…”

“…For each set of operating conditions, the model Eqs. [1][2][3][4][5] are solved simultaneously to first generate a PV diagram, thereupon based on the PV diagram, the corresponding efficiency η, IR, and ER are computed.…”

“…A typical phase-change based harvester setup comprises of four components: a boiler to scavenge available energy and generate pressurized steam, an expander to convert heat energy of the pressurized steam into mechanical work, a condenser to change the state of expended steam into liquid, and a pump to circulate the condensed liquid into the boiler. Typically, low temperature harvesters are based on an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) [2,3,4,5] which employs refrigerant (e.g. HCFC-123) as a working fluid [6,7,8] in traditional high-speed turbines [9] and crankshaft-based piston expanders [10], and less popular screw [11] and scroll expanders [12].…”

Performance analyses and improvement guidelines for organic Rankine cycles using R600a/R601a mixtures driven by heat sources of 100°C to 200°C

“…Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been widely used to achieve the heat-work conversion for thermal energy below 350°C (eg, geothermal energy, solar energy, and waste heat resources). [1][2][3][4] The working fluid is the design basis of ORC system and remarkably affects the system performance. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] However, the numerous conventional organic fluids have been phased out due to the implementations of several international environmental protection agreements (eg, the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement).…”

“…Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) has been widely used to achieve the heat‐work conversion for thermal energy below 350°C (eg, geothermal energy, solar energy, and waste heat resources) . The working fluid is the design basis of ORC system and remarkably affects the system performance .…”