Background: Nanotechnology explores a variety of promising approaches in the area of material sciences on a molecular level, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of leading interest in the present scenario. This review is a comprehensive contribution in the field of green synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of AgNPs using different biological sources. Methods: Biosynthesis of AgNPs can be accomplished by physical, chemical, and green synthesis; however, synthesis via biological precursors has shown remarkable outcomes. In available reported data, these entities are used as reducing agents where the synthesized NPs are characterized by ultraviolet-visible and Fourier-transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Results: Modulation of metals to a nanoscale drastically changes their chemical, physical, and optical properties, and is exploited further via antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antioxidant, and cardioprotective activities. Results showed excellent growth inhibition of the microorganism. Conclusion: Novel outcomes of green synthesis in the field of nanotechnology are appreciable where the synthesis and design of NPs have proven potential outcomes in diverse fields. The study of green synthesis can be extended to conduct the in silco and in vitro research to confirm these findings.

Mixed metal oxide nanocomposites (NCs) comprising Cu–Sr (CS), Sr–Cd (SC), and Cd–Cu (CC) were fabricated via a sol–gel method. Structural investigations of fabricated samples were carried out via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Maxwell–Wagner model, attributing to poor conducting layers around the conducting grains, was indicated to be followed by all of the NCs while investigating the dielectric properties. The Space-charge polarization and hoping mechanism contributed to low AC conductivity at lower frequencies and high AC conductivity at higher frequencies. The as-synthesized NCs effectively degraded two toxic water contaminants, such as crystal violet (CV) and Congo red (CR). Furthermore, the NCs were also evaluated for humidity sensing measurements. All of the NCs indicated efficient response/recovery time with better stability. The extensive investigation suggested the synthesized NCs, well suited for various optical and microelectronic applications.

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