ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to compare the walking abilities of elderly people between before and after training preventive approaches. Twenty-seven elderly people who were utilizing Long-Term Care Insurance participated in a three-month training program. One subject was selected from each of three groups: disuse syndrome (A), orthopedic disease (B) and neurological disease (C). Walking speed, step length and cadence were measured and the gait pattern was analyzed by a three-dimensional motion analysis system before and after the training. Subjects A and B improved their gait parameters, and joint moment and power spectrum was similar to healthy adults after the training. However, subject C showed no improvement, not only in gait parameters but also in joint moment and power spectrum after the training. These results suggest the importance of further examination of strategies of training and tests for persons with neurological diseases.
This study investigated the effects of the bias known as jumping to conclusions (JTC) on objective functional outcomes as well as subjective assessments of quality of life (QoL) and personal recovery among a sample of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Specifically, this study assessed the variables of JTC, psychiatric symptoms, neurocognitive functioning, objective interpersonal and daily activities, vocational domains, subjective QoL, and personal recovery among 94 participants. Results showed that those in the JTC group had significantly lower neurocognitive and functional outcomes (moderate effect sizes); however, subjective measures such as QoL and personal recovery did not differ significantly according to JTC (small effect sizes). After adjusting for attributes, there were no statistically significant differences, but the JTC group demonstrated lower overall functional outcomes and higher individual recovery, each with a moderate effect size. This ‘trade-off’ is not evidence-guaranteed, and further research is recommended to examine the relationship between social functioning and personal recovery in people with JTC bias.
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