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This article presents a project that aimed to identify a set of competencies (domains and statements) to prepare Japanese students and healthcare practitioners for collaborative practice. The Japan Association for Interprofessional Education (JAIPE) has started a government-funded project to formulate its interprofessional competency framework, in cooperation with professional organisations (e.g. Japan Society for Medical Education) in healthcare and social sciences. This three-year project is underway as part of the Initiative to Build up the Core Healthcare Personnel programme of Mie University. This project consists of five stages: literature review, data collection, prototype development, consensus formation, and finalisation. Our efforts will culminate in Japan's first interprofessional competency framework, with consensus from relevant academic societies and other stakeholders. We hope that the involvement of stakeholder participation will improve the usability of the final interprofessional competency framework.
[Purpose] In this study, we examined the absolute reliability of two different tandem gait tests with minimal detectable change (MDC).[Subjects] The subjects were 28 healthy adults (mean age 63.4 7.7 years).[Methods] The subjects walked 5 m with tandem gait, and we examined tandem gait time (TGT) and tandem gait index (TGI: add TGT to double-missed steps). We calculated standard error of measurement (SEM) of TGT and TGI in 4 different ways. Moreover, we examined measurement error of TGT and TGI by 95% confidence intervals of minimal detectable change (MDC95) obtained from SEM.[Results] MDC95 of TGT were 3.4-3.5 sec, and of TGI were 4.1-4.3.[Conclusion] We consider that the changes of TGT and TGI in this study were measurement errors, as the variances of measurement error found by the calculation method were too small for clinical application. Key words: absolute reliability, minimal detectable change, tandem gait 要旨: 〔目的〕本研究では,最小可検変化量(MDC)を用いて継ぎ足歩行テストの絶対信頼性を検討した。 〔対象〕 健常成人28 名(年齢 63.4 ± 7.7 歳)とした。 〔方法〕被検者に5 m の継ぎ足歩行をさせ,次の 2 つの指標を検討対象 とした。1) 所要時間(TGT) ,2) ミス・ステップ数の 2 倍を TGT に加えたもの(TGI) 。両指標について,4 つの異 なる方法により算出した「測定の標準誤差(SEM) 」から,4 種の MDC の 95%信頼区間(MDC95)を求めて,両指
We investigated the relationship between the intensity of toe motion and ∆[Oxy-Hb] in motor cortical areas. [Subjects] Twelve healthy adults (7 females and 5 males: 26.9±5.3 years of age) participated in the study. [Methods] The motor tasks were isometric and isotonic right toe flexion. The participants performed the tasks under two conditions: maximum and moderate effort. We measured the motor cortical activity using NIRS, and the extent and amplitude of the activations were compared between the two conditions for each task. [Results] In the isotonic flexion task, the extent of the activation area and the amplitude of ∆[Oxy-Hb] were dependent on the movement intensity. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the two conditions in the isometric flexion task. [Conclusion] We clarified that cerebral activation is influenced by the task motion and the participant's effort.
ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study was to compare the walking abilities of elderly people between before and after training preventive approaches. Twenty-seven elderly people who were utilizing Long-Term Care Insurance participated in a three-month training program. One subject was selected from each of three groups: disuse syndrome (A), orthopedic disease (B) and neurological disease (C). Walking speed, step length and cadence were measured and the gait pattern was analyzed by a three-dimensional motion analysis system before and after the training. Subjects A and B improved their gait parameters, and joint moment and power spectrum was similar to healthy adults after the training. However, subject C showed no improvement, not only in gait parameters but also in joint moment and power spectrum after the training. These results suggest the importance of further examination of strategies of training and tests for persons with neurological diseases.
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