Background
Oral and dental health has a significant impact on public health as well as the quality of life among individuals and families. This study aims to design, implement, and evaluate an intervention based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model for oral and dental health among primary school students in Rafsanjan city, Southern Iran.
Methods
According to the nature of the model and with the focus group discussion and interview methods, in phases 1 to 4 (PRECEDE), predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors related to oral health were identified. The training program was designed and consisted of six sessions for students (250 students) with a brushing session, three sessions for parents, and two sessions for teachers. Process evaluation and the effect of the program on behavioral and factors affecting oral health were evaluated (PROCEED).
Results
In the qualitative section, seven predisposing factors, five enabling factors, and two reinforcing factors were identified. A training program based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model was found to be effective in increasing the mean scores of the above constructs and the students’ brushing behavior (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Based on the model planning phases, the factors affecting the brushing behavior of children aged 6–12 years were identified. The educational program has had a significant effect on improving the scores of predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors and children’s brushing behavior.
Regular physical activity as an important health promotion behavior has many results in prevention or delay of chronic diseases and premature death. The aim of this study was to establish the determinants associated with regular physical activity among college students based on social cognitive theory (SCT). This study was a cross-sectional study carried out among 212 students in Abadan school of medical sciences, in the south west of Iran, during 2016. Data collection was self-report questionnaire in four parts including: demographic information, constructs of SCT, and standard international physical activity questionnaire-short form (IPAQ), social support. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16, and by using bivariate correlations and logistic regression at 95% significant level. About 61.7% (108/175) had low, 33.7 (59/175) moderate, and 4.6% (8/175) vigorous physical activity. Outcome expectation (OR=1.710), self-efficacy (OR=1.523), and friends' support (OR=1.149) was the best predictor for regular physical activity. It seems the planning and implementation of programs for physical activity promotion among college students is essential by emphasising on outcome expectation, selfefficacy, and social support.
Background and Objectives: Diagnosis of mental disorders and resilience of individuals during the epidemic of diseases is necessary for planning. The purpose of this study was to determine the resilience, stress, depression and anxiety of households in Anar city at the time of the outbreak of COVID-19 disease. Materials and Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted among 453 households in Anar city (from Rafsanjan County). Data were gathered using questionnaires and in a web-based approach. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests, Tukey's post hoc test and Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: The results showed that 251 (57.7%), 233 (51.4%) and 260 (57.3%) participants had levels of stress, anxiety and depression, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of resilience score was 37.55±19.18. There was a significant relationship between anxiety and level of education, job and age and also depression and job levels. Conclusion: Due to the high prevalence of mental disorders and low resilience during the epidemic of the disease and its consequences, psychological interventions are recommended.
Background: Inadequate knowledge and lack of its transmission to the community from health services staff is one of the factors of failure in preventing cardiovascular disease. Objectives: Thus we aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice of health services staff in relation to prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Patients and Methods: In this descriptive and analytic study, performed during the year 2012, subjects included 185 women health services staff (Including Physicians, Nurses, Midwives, Health experts and Health workers) from Fereydan and Chadegan city. The data collection tool was questionnaires including demographic characteristics and questions about knowledge, attitude and practice. For statistical analysis the SPSS20 software, descriptive statistics and statistical tests were used. Results: Mean percentage of knowledge, attitude and practice scores of health services staff were 56.48 ± 9.89, 67.01 ± 5.46 and 37.56 ± 20.30, respectively. Regarding the risk factors for cardiovascular disease 2.7% of the participants had good and 36.2 % had poor knowledge. Furthermore, 4.9% had good attitude, 0.5% had poor attitude, 82.2% had poor practice, and only 1.1% had good practice. Conclusions: Knowledge, attitude and practice of subjects were not desirable. Therefore, we recommend preparation and appropriate educational booklets for health services staff and quality retraining courses in this field along with evaluation at the end of the retraining courses and also activate physicians training of other health care personnel.
An investigation of the perceived barriers ... [19] Theories, models and methods of health education ... [20] Health behavior and health education ... [21] An introduction to theories of ... [22] Health promotion by social cognitive ... [23] Socio-cognitive determinants of regular physical ... [24] Osteoporosis-related knowledge among students ... [25] Determinants of physical activity for prevention of osteoporosis ... [26] Survey on physical exercise among paramedical ... [27] Preventing obesity among adolescent girls, one-year ... [28] Predicting physical activity and healthy nutrition ... [29] Evaluation of education in promoting healthy ... [30] What determines the fruit and vegetables intake ... [31] Communication technologies-based lifestyle intervention ... [32] Social cognitive theory mediators of physical ... [33] Investigating the relationship between ... [34] A survey of social cognitive determinants of physical ... [35] Description and evaluation of a social cognitive ... [36] Determinants of physical activity behaviors ... [37] Social cognitive theories used to explain physical ... [38] Health-promotion intervention increases ...
AimsOne of the effective factors in causing chronic diseases is inactivity. Therefore, considering the importance of modifying adolescent girls' physical activity behavior and developing appropriate educational strategies and interventions in this field, this study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on social cognitive theory (SCT) on adolescent girls' physical activity. Materials & Methods A Quasi-experimental study was conducted among 246 female high schools' Students (124=intervention group and 122=control group) in Rafsanjan (Southern Iran) by random cluster sampling in 2018-19. Demographics variables and valid and reliable questionnaire included the physical activity assessment of the last week and its effective factors based on SCT constructs collected in two stages. Educational interventions were applied in four sessions to students and two sessions to parents, teachers, and school officials. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Wilcoxon test, and the T-test. Findings After executing the educational program, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of the two groups in environmental factors (p=0.027), knowledge (p<0.001), family support (p=0.001), self-efficacy (p=0.001), and self-regulation (p=0.008), comparative between two groups the rates of daily and weekly physical activity increased (p=0.001). Conclusions The implementation of educational programs based on the SCT positively affects promoting physical activity in adolescents.
Introduction: Regular fruit and vegetable consumption is one of the preventative indicators for the development of obesity, disorders, and diseases. This study aimed to identify the determinants of fruit and vegetable consumption based on social cognitive theory (SCT) among first-grade high school female students.
Results: The mean (SD) score daily fruit and vegetable intakes were 3.43 () and 2.30 () units per day, respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that environmental factors (β= 0.165, p= 0.009) and behavioral skills (β= 0.152, p= 0.025) have a significant effect on fruit consumption score. Behavioral skills (β= 0.151, p= 0.022) and social support (β= 0.143, p= 0.049) have significant effect on vegetables consumption score, the constructs of SCT explained 71% of the variances in fruit consumption and 9.8% of the variances in vegetable consumption. Mother's job (p= 0.032) and family income (p= 0.024) have a significant effect on fruit and vegetables consumption.
Conclusion: Fruit and vegetable intakes were less than the WHO recommended level. Therefore, attention to environmental factors, behavioral skills, and social support is suggested.
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