A two-dimensional auxetic lattice structure was fabricated from a PZT piezoceramic. Tape casted and sintered sheets with a thickness of 530 μm were laser cut into inverted honeycomb lattice structure with re-entrant cell geometry (θ=−25°) and poling direction oriented perpendicular to the lattice plane. The in-plane strain response upon applying an uniaxial compression load as well as an electric field perpendicular to the lattice plane were analyzed by a 2D image data detection analysis. The auxetic lattice structure exhibits orthotropic deformation behavior with a negative in-plane Poisson's ratio of −2.05. Compared to PZT bulk material the piezoelectric auxetic lattice revealed a strain amplification by a factor of 30-70. Effective transversal coupling coefficients d al 31 of the PZT lattice exceeding 4×10 3 pm V −1 were determined which result in an effective hydrostatic coefficient d al h 66 times larger than that of bulk PZT.
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 continues to see significant interest as a viable means of both producing important chemical materials and lowering carbon emissions. The primary challenge to making this...
This contribution deals with flexographic printing of nanoparticulate tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) inks for the manufacture of fine lines on PET foils and glass substrates. The development and optimization of ITO inks, based on solutions of water and ethanol, for the flexographic printing process is presented. The influence of the solvent composition, of the particle content, and of the molar mass of the binder polyvinylpyrrolidone on the printing result is shown. ITO lines with a minimum line width of around 120 mu m were printed using a printing plate with a feature size of 50 mu m; the ITO lines exhibited a thickness of around 1 mu m. Laser post-treatment was used to consolidate the top layer of the nanoparticulate ITO structures resulting in improved electrical properties; low sheet resistance values of around 300 Omega/a- were achieved
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