The present study was conducted as a continuation of our previous study on the effects of fish meal replacement with soy bean meal, SBM in the diets of tiger grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus which revealed the possible level of fish meal protein replacement of 30% with positive effect of phytase supplementation in one of the test diet. In the present study, all experimental diets with SBM inclusion (10%, 20%, 30%, 40% replacement levels) were supplemented with phytase and fed to juvenile tiger grouper with initial body weight of 44.57 ± 0.28 g for eight weeks. Apart from the effects on growth performance, diet utilization and fish whole-body composition, apparent digestibility coefficient of diets was also measured. Similar findings to our previous experiment were observed in the present study. Diet SM40P (40% replacement level) had produced the poorest growth performance and feed conversion ratio (FCR). However, it was observed that FCR of SM40P was improved when compared to SM40 (without phytase) in our previous experiment. Other than that, SBMbased diets were performed as good as the control diet in terms of growth, feed utilization and survival rate. Replacement of fish meal did not significantly influence body composition, except for whole body lipid content in SM40P. In general, dry matter and protein apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of the test diets were influenced by SBM inclusion in the diets. However, crude lipid ADC was very high in all dietary treatments indicating efficient utilization of dietary lipid by juvenile tiger grouper. The findings of the present study confirmed that SBM can be used to replace FM at a level of up to 30% and supplementation of phytase in SBMbased diets is recommended to improve the diet performance.
A 56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the potential of replacing fishmeal (FM) with tempeh (TMP) in the diets for juvenile tiger grouper (TG), Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. Five isoproteic (50%) and isolipidic (16%) diets containing FM replaced by TMP at 0, 30, 40, 50% (namely TMP0, TMP30, TMP40, TMP50, respectively), and by 30% soybean meal supplemented with phytase (SBM30) were fed to triplicate group of fish (10.09±0.15g). Weight gain (WG) and feed intake (FI) of TMP0 group were significantly higher (201.42% and 1 g fish -1 day -1 , respectively) than those fed with TMP-based diets and SBM30 (P< 0.05). On the other hand, fish fed with TMP40 attained highest WG (165.55%) among all groups fed with TMP-based diets. Despite the poorer WG and FI, TMP40 and TMP50 groups resulted in better feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and net protein utilization (NPU) (P< 0.05) than other diets. Moderate soybean-induced distal intestine enteritis was observed in all fish fed with diets containing soy protein but signs of inflammation became increased as TMP inclusion level increased. The current findings indicated that TMP could be used as a potential alternative protein source in the diet of TG, preferably with addition of essential amino acids and feed stimulants. 0,30,40, TMP30, TMP40, TMP50) ABSTRAK Satu percubaan pemakanan selama 56 hari telah dijalankan untuk menilai potensi penggunaan tempeh (TMP) sebagai pengganti tepung ikan (FM) dalam diet juvenil kerapu harimau (TG), Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. Lima diet (masing-masing mengandungi 50% protein dan 16% lemak) telah dirumuskan untuk menggantikan FM dalam diet pada aras
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