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The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) acts as a catalyst and leader in a global maize and wheat innovation network that serves the poor in the developing world. Drawing on strong science and effective partnerships, CIMMYT researchers create, share, and use knowledge and technology to increase food security, improve the productivity and profitability of farming systems and sustain natural resources. This peoplecentered mission does not ignore the fact that CIMMYT's unique niche is as a genetic resources enhancement center for the developing world, as shown by this review article focusing on wheat.

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SCIENTIFIC PERSPECTIVESM aize (Zea mays L.) ranks among the three most important food crops worldwide (FAO, 2009a); however, average global per capita consumption in 2003 was only about 18 kg for maize, substantially below that of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.; 67 kg), rice (Oryza sativa L.; 54 kg milled equivalent) and potato (Solanum tuberosum L.; 32 kg) due to the high proportion of global maize production used for animal feed. At the national level, per capita maize consumption is very high in certain countries such as Lesotho (174 kg), Zambia (133 kg), Malawi (132 kg), Mexico (125 kg), and South Africa (113 kg).

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